Cuttivalfan of Grafs-Land.^Planting Apple- trees. Gathering of. 597 



July, is a fmall brown beetle.and that irthen probably lays thofc eggs on the trees, 

 which, if the fueeced ng feufon be unfavourable, prove dcftrueHve of the future crop; 

 of fruit.* &quot; And it is further obferved tlvar, &quot;ihe leaves and b!o(T.&amp;gt;ms of the ap 

 ple-tree are forr.eumes entirely deft roved by a numerous tribe of caterpillars, fame 

 kinds of which become moths in the dimmer and autumn,, and otheis in the fuc- 

 eeeding fpring, as weli as by a- minute infccft of the cochioeal trib*,. * The fame 

 writer adds that &quot;the bloffoms of the apple appear to fail not unfrequently from 

 \vant of impregnation, when the \\eatheris unufually hot and dry, or when cold 

 wir.ds prevail ; as he has- often obferved t\\t farina to wither and die on the an her&amp;lt;e 

 in fuch flafons. In each ofthefe cafes he has always feen thofe trees moil produc 

 tive, which, having had the good fortune to efcapethe defolating hand of me pru- 

 ner^wcre moderately full of wood, and capable of affording their bloiToms fomer 

 protection from froft and cold winds, or exceflive heat.&quot; 



After the apples have remained upon the trees till they are become in a proper 

 ftate of ripenefs, they are then to be carefully gathered, and properly fcparated, as 

 the goodnefs of the liquor in fome meafure depends upon this being properly pei- 

 forrned. It has been advifed that &quot; thofe whofe rind and pulp are tinged with- 

 green or red without any mixture of yellow,&quot; as that colour difappears in the firft 

 ftages of fermentation, fhould be kept perfectly feparate from fuch as are yellow 

 or yellow blended with red. The latter fort after being left on the tree till fuf- 

 ficiently ripe to fall without much fhaking, &amp;lt;f are alone capable of making fine ci- 

 der.f When thus fcparated, they (hould be kept till quite mellow, which is 

 beft done by expofing them in a thin layer to the influence of the fun and air in 

 fome convenient covered fituation, as by that means the liquor will be ftronger 

 and the danger of an unpleafant flavour be avoided. No precife rules have been 

 laid down for afcertaining the mod advantageous degree of maturity to which they 

 fhould be brought for this purpofe, but it is fuggefted that as long as they become 

 more yellow without rotting, they may improve. In this (late they are fit for be^- 

 ingcoverted into cider by the proper procefs.J 



* Knight on the Apple and Pean t Ibid. 



J This is a procefs that is much two extenfive, and which does not properly belong to a work of tkiji 

 kiodj but the following practical dire&ions, given by the author of the SomerfeUhire Corrected Agri 

 cultural Report, may probably be ufeful : 



&quot; The fruit being properly matured, every neceflary utenfil ought to be fet in order for cidej 

 making; the mill, prefs, tubs, calks, aad pails, clean waihed, and fuffered to dry befurt.they are ufed. 



