THE MILITANT TFPE OF SOCIETY. 5 73 



corporate action cannot be made most effectual. Without 

 such grades of governing centres diffused throughout the non- 

 combatant part as well as the combatant part, the entire 

 forces of the aggregate cannot be promptly put forth. Unless 

 the workers are under a control akin to that which the 

 fighters are under, their indirect aid cannot be insured in full 

 amount and with due quickness. 



And this is the form of a society characterized by status 

 a society, the members of which stand one towards another in 

 successive grades of subordination. From the despot down 

 to the slave, all are masters of those below and subjects of 

 those above. The relation of the child to the father, of the 

 father to some superior, and so on up to the absolute head, is 

 one in which the individual of lower status is at the mercy 

 of one of higher status. 



553. Otherwise described, the process of militant organi 

 zation is a process of regimentation, which, primarily taking 

 place in the army, secondarily affects the whole com 

 munity. 



The first indication of this we trace in the fact everywhere 

 visible, that the military head grows into a civil head 

 usually at once, and, in exceptional cases, at last, if militancy 

 continues. Beginning as leader in war he becomes ruler in 

 peace ; and such regulative policy as he pursues in the one 

 sphere, he pursues, so far as conditions permit, in the other. 

 Being, as the non-combatant part is, a permanent commis 

 sariat, the principle of graduated subordination is extended 

 to it. Its members come to be directed in a way like that in 

 which the warriors are directed not literally, since by dis 

 persion of the one and concentration of the other exact paral 

 lelism is prevented ; but, nevertheless, similarly in principle. 

 Labour is carried on under coercion ; and supervision spreads 

 everywhere. 



To suppose that a despotic military head, daily maintain* 



