578 POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS. 



large, which are in constant antagonism with surrounding 

 groups. If there docs not already exist within any group so 

 circumstanced, an agency for producing some necessary 

 article, inability to obtain it from without will lead to the 

 establishment of an agency for obtaining it within. 



Whence it follows that the desire &quot; not to be dependent on 

 foreigners &quot; is one appropriate to the militant type of society. 

 So long as there is constant danger that the supplies of 

 needful things derived from other countries will be cut off by 

 the breaking out of hostilities, it is imperative that there 

 shall be maintained a power of producing these supplies at 

 home, and that to this end the required structures shall be 

 maintained. Hence there is a manifest direct relation 

 between militant activities and a protectionist policy. 



558. And now having observed the traits which may be 

 expected to establish themselves by survival of the fittest 

 during the struggle for existence among societies, let us 

 observe how these traits are displayed in actual societies, 

 similar in respect of their militancy but otherwise dissimilar. 



Of course in small primitive groups, however warlike they 

 may be, we must not look for more than rude outlines of the 

 structure proper to the militant type. Being loosely aggre 

 gated, definite arrangement of their parts can be earned but 

 to a small extent. Still, so far as it goes, the evidence is to 

 the point. The fact that habitually the fighting body is co 

 extensive with the adult male population, is so familiar that 

 no illustrations are needed. An equally familiar fact is that 

 the women, occupying a servile position, do all the unskilled 

 labour and bear the burdens ; with which may be joined the 

 fact that not unfrequently during war they carry the supplier, 

 as in Asia among the Bhils and Khonds, as in Polynesia 

 among the New Caledonians and Sandwich Islanders, as in 

 America among the Comanches, Mundrucus, Patagonians : 

 their office as forming the permanent commissariat being thus 

 clearly shown. We see, too, that where the enslaving of 



