THE INDUSTRIAL TYPE OF SOCIETY. 609 



Unless the activities of all are homogeneous in kind, which 

 they cannot be in a developed society with its elaborate divi 

 sion of labour, there arises a need for conciliation of diver 

 gent interests ; and to the end of insuring an equitable 

 adjustment, each interest must be enabled duly to express 

 itself. It is, indeed, .supposable that the appointed agency 

 should be a single individual. But no such single individual 

 could arbitrate justly among numerous classes variously occu 

 pied, without hearing evidence : each would have to send 

 representatives setting forth its claims. Hence the choice 

 would lie between two systems, under one of which the 

 representatives privately and separately stated their cases to 

 an arbitrator on whose single judgment decisions depended ; 

 and under the other of which these representatives stated 

 their cases in one another s presence, while judgments were 

 openly determined by the general consensus. Without insist 

 ing on the fact that a fair balancing of class -interests is more 

 likely to be effected by this last form of representation than 

 by the first, it is sufficient to remark that it is more congruous 

 with the nature of the industrial type ; since men s indi 

 vidualities are in the smallest degree trenched upon. Citizens 

 who, appointing a single ruler for a prescribed time, may 

 have a majority of their wills traversed by his during this 

 time, surrender their individualities in a greater degree than 

 do those who, from their local groups, depute a number of 

 rulers ; since these, speaking and acting under public inspe^- 

 tion and mutually restrained, habitually conform their deci 

 sions to the wills of the majority. 



567. The corporate life of the society being no longer in 

 danger, and the remaining business of government being that 

 of maintaining the conditions requisite for the highest indi 

 vidual life, there comes the question What are these condi 

 tions ? 



Already they have been implied as comprehended under 

 the administration of justice ; but so vaguely is the meaning 



