632 POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS. 



husbands with marked respect and attention.&quot; Moreover, we 

 are told concerning sundry of these unwarlike peoples that 

 the status of children is also high ; and there is none of that 

 distinction of treatment between boys and girls which 

 characterizes militant peoples. 



Of course on turning to the civilized to observe the form 

 of individual character which accompanies the industrial 

 form of society, we encounter the difficulty that the per 

 sonal traits proper to industrialism, are, like the social 

 traits, mingled with those proper to militancy. It is mani- 

 festly thus with ourselves. A nation which, besides its 

 occasional serious wars, is continually carrying on small wars 

 with uncivilized tribes a nation which is mainly ruled in 

 Parliament and through the press by men whose school- 

 discipline led them during six days in the week to take 

 Achilles for their hero, and on the seventh to admire Christ 

 a nation which, at its public dinners, habitually toasts its 

 army and navy before toasting its legislative bodies ; has not 

 so far emerged out of militancy that we can expect either the 

 institutions or the characteristics proper to industrialism 

 to be shown with clearness. In independence, in honesty, in 

 truthfulness, in humanity, its citizens are not likely to be the 

 equals of the uncultured but peaceful peoples above de 

 scribed. All we may anticipate is an approach to those 

 moral qualities appropriate to a state undisturbed by inter 

 national hostilities ; and this we find. 



In the first place, with progress of the regime of contract 

 has come growth of independence. Daily exchange of ser 

 vices under agreement, involving at once the maintenance of 

 personal claims and respect for the claims of others, has 

 fostered a normal self-assertion and consequent resistance to 

 unauthorized power. Tl\e facts that the word &quot; indepen 

 dence/ in its modern sense, was not in use among us before 

 the middle of the last century, and that on the continent 

 independence is less markedly displayed, suggest the con 

 nexion between this trait and a developing industrialism. 



