THE INDUSTRIAL TYPE OF SOCIETY. 635 



days occupies but a small space in men s minds ; and though 

 there is among us a majority whose sentiment is represented 

 by the exclamation &quot; Our country, right or wrong ! &quot; yet 

 there are large numbers whose desire for human welfare at 

 large, so far override? their desire for national prestige, that 

 they object to sacrificing the first to the last. The spirit of 

 self-criticism, which in sundry respects leads us to make un 

 fa vc arable comparisons between ourselves and our continental 

 neighbours, leads us more than heretofore to blame ourselves 

 for wrong conduct to weaker peoples. The many and strong 

 reprobations of our dealings with the Afghans, the Zulus, and 

 the Boers, show that there is a large amount of the feeling 

 reprobated by the &quot; Jingo &quot;-class as unpatriotic. 



That adaptation of individual nature to social needs, which, 

 in the militant state, makes men glory in war and despise 

 peaceful pursuits, has partially brought about among us a 

 converse adjustment of the sentiments. The occupation of 

 the soldier has ceased to be so much honoured, and that of 

 the civilian is more honoured. During the forty years peace, 

 the popular sentiment became such that &quot; soldiering &quot; was 

 spoken of contemptuously; and those who enlisted, habitually 

 the idle and the dissolute, were commonly regarded as having 

 completed their disgrace. Similarly in America before the 

 late civil war, such small military gatherings and exercises as 

 from time to time occurred, excited general ridicule. Mean 

 while we see that labours, bodily and mental, useful to self 

 and others, have come to be not only honourable but in a 

 considerable degree imperative. In America the adverse 

 comments on a man who does nothing, almost force him into 

 some active pursuit ; and among ourselves the respect for 

 industrial life has become such that men of high rank put 

 their sons into business. 



While, as we saw, the compulsory cooperation proper to 

 militancy, forbids, or greatly discourages, individual initiative, 

 the voluntary cooperation which distinguishes industrialism, 

 gives free scope to individual initiative, and develops it by 



