POLITICAL RETROSPECT AND PROSPECT. 657 



interpreted, including not only immediate, but also remote, 

 breaches of equity. Citizens whose natures have through 

 many generations of voluntary cooperation and accompanying 

 regard for one another s claims, been moulded into the appro 

 priate form, will entirely agree to maintain such political 

 institutions as may continue needful for insuring to each that 

 the activities he carries on within limits imposed by the 

 activities of others, shall bring to him all the directly-resulting 

 benefits, or such benefits as indirectly result under voluntary 

 agreements ; and each will be ready to yield up such small 

 portion of the proceeds of his labour, as may be required to 

 maintain the agency for adjudicating in complex cases where 

 the equitable course is not manifest, and for such legislative 

 and administrative purposes as may prove needful for 

 effecting an equitable division of all natural advantages. 

 Resistance to extension of government beyond the sphere 

 thus indicated, must eventually have a two-fold origin 

 egoistic and altruistic. 



In the first place, it cannot be supposed that citizens 

 having the characters indicated, will, in their corporate 

 capacity, agree to impose on themselves individually, other 

 restraints than those necessitated by regard for one another s 

 spheres of action. Each has had fostered in him by the dis 

 cipline of daily life carried on under contract, a sentiment 

 prompting assertion of his claim to free action within the 

 implied limits ; and there cannot therefore arise in an aggre 

 gate of such, any sentiment which would tolerate further 

 limits. And that any part should imposo such further limits 

 on the rest, is also contrary to the hypothesis ; since it pre 

 supposes that political inequality, or status, which is excluded 

 by the industrial type. Moreover, it is manifest that the 

 taking from citizens of funds for public purposes other than 

 those above specified, is negatived. For while there will 

 ever be a unanimous desire to maintain for each and all the 

 conditions needful for severally carrying on their private 

 activities and enjoying the products, the probabilities are 



