208 PROFESSIONAL INSTITUTIONS. 



In like manner Donaldson tells us that apparently &quot; music 

 and dancing were the basis of the religious, political, and 

 military organization of the Dorian states: &quot; remarking 

 also that 



The preservation of military discipline and the establishment of a 

 principle of subordination, not merely the encouragement of a taste 

 for the fine arts, were the objects which these rude legislators had in 

 view; and though there is no doubt that religious feeling entered 

 largely into all their thoughts and actions, yet the god whom they 

 worshipped was a god of war, of music, and of civil government.&quot; 

 On which statement, however, let me remark that it contains 

 a species of error very common in historical interpretations. 

 It is erroneously assumed that these dances were introduced 

 by legislators, instead of being continuations of observances 

 which arose spontaneously. How in Greece there early 

 began the secularization of music, is shown by the traditions 

 concerning the religious festivals the Pythian, Olympian, 

 &amp;lt;fcc. which presently furnished occasions for competitions 

 in skill and strength. The Pythian games, which were the 

 earliest, exhibited the smallest divergence from the primi 

 tive purpose; for only musical and poetical contests took 

 place. But the establishment of prizes shows that out of the 

 original miscellaneous chorus had arisen some who were 

 marked by their more effective expressions of praise and 

 finer vocal utterances. And on reading that out of those 

 who played accompaniments to the sacred songs and dances, 

 some became noted for their skill, and that there presently 

 followed at the great Greek games prizes to the best per 

 formers on flutes, trumpets, and lyres, we see how there 

 arose also that differentiation of instrumentalists from vocal 

 ists which presently became pronounced. Says Mahaffy 

 concerning a performance about 250 B. c. 



&quot; This elaborate instrumental symphony was merely the develop 

 ment of the old competitions in playing instruments, which had 

 existed at Delphi from very early days.&quot; 



Hence, after a time, a complete secularization of music. Be 

 sides musical performances in honour of the gods, there grew 



