ARCHITECT. 287 



queathed by ancient nations was an outcome of ancestor- 

 worship. Its first phases were exhibited in either tombs or 

 temples, which, as we have long ago seen, are the less de 

 veloped and more developed forms of the same thing. 

 Hence, as being both appliances for worship, now simple 

 and now elaborate, both came under the control of the priest 

 hood ; and the inference to be drawn is that the first archi 

 tects were priests. 



An illustration which may be put first is yielded by An 

 cient India. Says Manning: &quot; Architecture was treated 

 as a sacred science by learned Hindus. 7 Again we read in 

 Hunter 



&quot;Indian architecture, although also ranked as an upa-veda or sup 

 plementary part of inspired learning, derived its development from 

 Buddhist rather than from Brahmanical impulses.&quot; 

 In Tennent s Ceylon there are passages variously exhibiting 

 the relations between architecture and religion and its min 

 isters. By many peoples the cave was made the primitive 

 tomb-temple ; and in the East it became in some cases large 

 ly developed. A stage of the development in Ceylon is de 

 scribed as follows : 



* In the Rajavali Devenipiatissa is said to have * caused caverns to 

 be cut in the solid rock at the sacred place of Mihintala ; and these 

 are the earliest residences for the higher orders of the priesthood in 

 Ceylon, of which a record has been preserved.&quot; 



&quot;The temples of Buddha were at first as unpretending as the resi 

 dences of the priesthood. No mention is made of them during the 

 infancy of Buddhism in Ceylon, and at which period caves and natural 

 grottoes were the only places of devotion. &quot; 



Referring to later stages, during which there arose &quot; stu 

 pendous ecclesiastical structures, 7 Tennent adds: 



&quot; The historical annals of the island record with pious gratitude the 

 series of dagobas, wiharas, and temples erected by &quot; Devenipiatissa 

 &quot;and his successors.&quot; 



A dagoba &quot; is a monument raised to preserve one of the relics of 

 Gotama . . . and it is candidly admitted in the Mahawanso that the 

 intention of erecting them was to provide objects to which offerings 

 could be made. &quot; 



