CHAPTEE XI. 



PAINTEE. 



715. Pictorial representation in its rudest forms not 

 only precedes civilization but may be traced back to pre 

 historic man. The delineations of animals by incised lines 

 on bones, discovered in the Dordogne and elsewhere, prove 

 this. And certain wall-paintings found in caves variously 

 distributed, show, in extant savage races or ancestors of 

 them, some ability to represent things by lines and colours. 



But if we pass over these stray facts, which lie out of rela 

 tion to the development of pictorial art during civilization, 

 and if we start with those beginnings of pictorial art which 

 the uncivilized transmitted to the early civilized, we see that 

 sculpture and painting were coeval. For, excluding as not 

 pictorial that painting of the body by which savages try to 

 make themselves feared or admired, we find painting first 

 employed in completing the image of the dead man to be 

 placed on his grave a painting of the carved image such as 

 served to make it a rude simulacrum. This was the first 

 step in the evolution of painted figures of apotheosized chiefs 

 and kings painted statues of heroes and gods. 



We shall the better appreciate this truth on remembering 

 that the complete differentiation of sculpture from painting 

 which now exists did not exist among early peoples. In 

 ancient times all statues were coloured: the aim being to 

 produce something as like as possible to the being com 

 memorated. 



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