AUXILIARY DISTRIBUTION. 383 



branches in New York, have become agents for other Eng 

 lish publishers ; and, according to circumstances, the agency 

 part of their business may or may not outgrow the original 

 part. In some cases it does this, and there then arises an 

 establishment which buys and sells wholesale, riot on its 

 own account but on account of various large traders. 



752. While the entire distributing system thus becomes 

 organized, each of its larger components also becomes organ 

 ized. In addition to its staff of clerks, porters, messengers, 

 &c., a great trading concern contains functionaries of classes 

 peculiar to itself. While his business was small, the whole 

 sale dealer was himself the buyer of the things he supplied to 

 retail dealers, but when his business grew large it became 

 needful to depute this function. From such developments 

 there resulted a class of men known as buyers, who, visiting 

 from time to time producers in various localities, make, on 

 behalf of their respective houses, wholesale purchases of 

 goods which they inspect and approve. With a converse 

 process came another class of deputies the travellers, who, 

 on behalf of the establishments employing them, visit re 

 tailers, exhibit samples, and obtain orders. Yet one more 

 class of proxies distinguishes large establishments for re 

 tail distribution. To different parts of the business differ 

 ent heads are appointed; and in some cases each of these 

 has a certain capital placed at his disposal to trade with, and 

 to make as good a profit upon as he can : the retention of his 

 place being determined by his success. 



Thus, even in their details, the distributing processes de 

 velop structures parallel to those which the producing pro 

 cesses develop. 



753. Development of the animate appliances for dis 

 tribution has been accompanied by development of the in 

 animate appliances the means for conveying people, goods, 

 and intelligence. The two have all along acted and reacted : 



