414: INDUSTRIAL INSTITUTIONS. 



his planting/ From other places we learn that besides con 

 trolling production the ruling men also control exchange. 

 On the coast of Madagascar, writes Drury,the kings [chiefs] 

 settle what are to be the terms of trade with foreigners. 

 Speaking of Iddah in Africa, Laird and Oldfield say, &quot; tin- 

 natives could not enter into any traffic with us unless they 

 had first the royal consent.&quot; So was it with the Patagoniaris. 



It was with great difficulty that they could be prevailed upon to 

 part with their bows and arrows in trade, which they however did, 

 after asking permission from their chief.&quot; 



A noteworthy fact should be added. Among some slightly 

 civilized peoples, the industrial government shows signs of 

 divergence from the political. Burton tells us that there is 

 a commercial chief in Whydah ; there are industrial chiefs in 

 Fiji; and among the Sakarran Dyaks there is a trading 

 chief in addition to the ordinary chief. 



Histories of ancient peoples agree in these respects w r ith 

 accounts of existing peoples. Lists of functionaries show 

 that in Egypt during the Rameses period, the kings carried 

 on extensive industries. &quot; In Phoenicia,&quot; says Movers 

 &quot; the foreign wholesale trade seems to have belonged mostly to the 

 state, the kings, and the noble . . . biblical records show commercial 

 expeditions to distant parts undertaken by the kings (I Kings ix. 27, 

 x. 11, 22). The prophet Ezekiel describes the king of Tyrus as a 

 prudent commercial prince.&quot; 



We are shown, too, by I Chron., xxvii, 26-31, that through 

 overseers King David was a large grower of various crops, 

 w r hile he did not neglect pastoral farming; and Solomon, 

 who by the agency of keepers was a wine grower, also car 

 ried on an extensive trade by land and sea (I Kings, x). 



770. Speaking generally, the man who, among primitive 

 peoples, becomes ruler, is at once a man of power and a man 

 of sagacity : his sagacity being in large measure the cause of 

 his supremacy. We may therefore infer that as his political 

 rule, though chiefly guided by his own interests, is in part 

 guided by the interests of his people, so his industrial rule, 



