IN THE NEAR FUTURE. 597 



been for competing in political burglaries with other na 

 tions; and held that, by taking forcible possession of terri 

 tories owned by inferior peoples, &quot; France has regained a 

 certain portion of the glory which so many noble enterprises 

 during previous centuries had insured her.&quot; 



&quot;With this militant structure, activity, and sentiment, 

 observe the civil structure that coexists. During the feudal 

 and monarchical ages ages of despotism, first local and then 

 general there had grown up a bureaucracy which, before 

 the Kevolution, was so fully developed that besides owner 

 ship of the citizen for fighting purposes there was ownership 

 of him as a civilian, carried so far that industry was prostrate 

 under legislative restraints and the load of officials. This 

 bureaucracy survived during the Imperial regime and sur 

 vives still under the Republican regime survives, indeed, 

 in larger shape; for, according to M. Paul Leroy-Beaulieu, 

 there have been, in the last 15 years, 200,000 new civil 

 functionaries appointed. From the simple fact that it is the 

 business of the French police to know the domicile and the 

 doings of everybody, may readily be inferred the spirit in 

 which the French citizen is dealt with by his government: 

 the notification of his w r hereabouts being akin to a soldier s 

 response to the roll-call or a sailor s appearance at muster. 

 Such control inevitably ramifies; and hence regulations like 

 that specifying the time after confinement when a woman 

 may go out to work, or that which prevents a man from 

 designing the fagade to his house as he pleases. The rage 

 for uniformity, well illustrated by the minister who boasted 

 that at a given hour all the boys in France were saying the 

 same lesson, is an outcome of a nature which values equality 

 much more than liberty. There is small objection to coer 

 cion if all are equally coerced; and hence the tendency to 

 regimentation reappears in one or other form continually. 

 In the days of the Revolution new sets of regulations, re 

 placing sets which had .been abolished, ran out into minute 

 details; even to the absurd extent that on a certain ap- 



