PREFACE 



THE aim and scope of this treatise are more modest than 

 perhaps its dimensions might suggest. It attempts, in the 

 first place, to present in a simple way the Principles of 

 the Traditional Logic expounded by Aristotle and his 

 Scholastic interpreters ; secondly, to show how the philo 

 sophical teachings of Aristotle and the Schoolmen con 

 tain the true basis for modern methods of scientific 

 investigation, inductive no less than deductive ; and finally, 

 to extend, rather than supplement, the traditional body of 

 logical doctrine by applying the latter to some logical 

 problems raised in more recent times. But the treatment 

 throughout is confined mainly to principles, and is meant 

 to be suggestive rather than exhaustive. 



Logic has philosophy for its background. The study 

 of logic raises many large questions, leading into various 

 branches of philosophy. Nor can any presentation of 

 the science of logic be truly educative or stimulating 

 which does not involve some definite philosophical stand 

 point. Without this latter, the more formal portions of 

 logic can be little better than a dry collection of mechanical 

 rules, while the more important applied portions must 

 remain practically unintelligible to the student. But the 

 adoption and application of a definite philosophical stand 

 point in a work on logic does not render imperative any 

 detailed discussion of the larger and more fundamental 

 questions suggested thereby. Apart from Scholastic 

 authors, who still preserve a clearly marked distinc 

 tion between the main departments of philosophical in- 



