Genus Suntmum . 



Differentia . 



Genus Subalternunt . . I 



Differentia . Animatum 



Genus Subalternunt Vivens 



THE PREDICABLES. 



Substantia 

 Corpora Incorporea. 



79 



Differentia . 

 Genus Subalternunt 

 Differentia 

 Species Infima . 



Sensibile 



/ 

 \ 



Animal 

 / 



Rationale 



Inanimatum. 



Insensibile. 



Irrationale. 



Homo 



Socrates, Plato, et alia singularia individua seu supposita (Personae). 



The members of this predicamental line from substantia, 

 through corpus, vivens, animal, to homo, are got by modifying 

 each successively by the respective* differentiae specificae given in 

 the left-hand column. The differentiae in the right-hand column 

 also realize certain other classes which would terminate finally 

 in various species infimae, each of these latter having under it no 

 further sub-classes, but only individuals. 



Species Infimae. Of course, there is no reason why we should not go on 

 dividing and subdividing the class &quot; man &quot; into smaller and smaller groups, 

 whenever such subdivision may be found to serve any useful purpose : for in 

 stance, into Europeans and non-Europeans, the former into Irishmen and 

 non-Irishmen, the former again into County Dublin Irishmen and those from 

 other counties, the former again into Maynooth (Co. Dublin Irish) men and 

 those (Co. Dublin Irishmen) not from Maynooth. 



But it was not customary with the ancient and mediaeval logicians to de 

 scribe these latter sub-classes as species, or their differentiating attributes as 

 specific differences. Fixing their attention on the great, broad lines of de 

 marcation traced out in Nature itself between different classes of things 

 especially in the animate world, and influenced, no doubt, by the belief that 

 these separate classes had their origin in separate creative acts and were dis 

 tinct and unalterable natural kinds of things, they called these classes 

 species, regarded the class name of the species as connoting the whole specific 

 nature of the individuals within that class whether the latter were subdivided 

 or not, and pronounced all further subdivisions to be artificial rather than 

 natural, and the attributes on which these were based accidental, or not neces 

 sarily involved in the specific nature of the individuals as opposed to differ 

 ences that were specific, or essential to the specific nature of the individuals. 



