74. THE CATEGORIES AND LANGUAGE. Aristotle s own brief 

 resume of the list just given is as follows : &quot; The elements of speech 

 are sometimes connected, as a man runs, a man triumphs, and 

 sometimes disconnected, as man, runs, triumphs . Any such 

 disconnected element is either an essence (ovcria), a quantity, a 

 quality, a relation, a place, a time, a doing (something), an under 

 going (something), an intransitive action (KzivQai), or an intransi 

 tive passive state (e%ew).&quot; 4 Seeing that his classification is the 

 result of an analysis of the act of judging, i.e. of predicating, 

 asserting or denying, and that the judgment is expressed in the 

 proposition, it is natural that he should have approached the 

 problem partly from the point of view of language. Yet his 

 categories are not a grammatical classification of the parts of 

 speech, but a logical classification of terms used as predicates (22). 

 He analyses the logical judgment, not the grammdtical sentence. 

 Some logicians think that his categories originated in an examin 

 ation of the grammatical parts of speech. This view has been 

 put forward by Mansel, for example. But, as Professor Welton 

 remarks, it &quot; may be doubted . . . for that division of words 

 was by no means sufficiently developed in Aristotle s time to 

 favour this idea &quot;. 5 



!The answer to the question &quot; How long ? &quot; or &quot; How large ? &quot; i.e. amount or 

 quantity (of time or space) belongs to the second category QUANTITY. 



2 Not Habere, to have or possess, as it is interpreted (with eight sub-classes) in 

 the treatise entitled Categoriae Decem (c. xvi.), wrongly attributed to St. Augustine. 



3 In the sense of clothing (e.g. in a riding habit), not in the sense of one of the 

 subdivisions of Quality (e.g. &quot;Habits are hard to break&quot;). 



4 Categ., c. 2. 5 Logic, i. t p. 97. 



