210 THE SCIENCE OF LOGIC. 



as expressing a relation between the comprehension of the sub 

 ject and that of the predicate ? 



Sir William Hamilton taught that as all terms have compre 

 hension and extension, so also all judgments may be interpreted 

 in two distinct ways : in comprehension and in extension. With 

 the latter way, in which 5 and P are regarded as classes, we shall 

 deal in the next section. According to the comprehensive inter 

 pretation, such a judgment as &quot; All men are mortal &quot; would mean 

 that the attributes which make up the comprehension of &quot; man &quot; 

 contain among them those that make up the comprehension of 

 &quot; mortal &quot;. 



As in the case of the Connotative interpretation, so also here, 

 the comprehension of each term must always be taken in its 

 totality : so that we cannot work out a scheme which would en 

 able us to refer to all the notes distributively, or to an indefinite 

 portion of the notes, which go to make up the comprehension of 

 subject or predicate, as we work out the scheme for referring to 

 the whole, or to an indefinite portion, of the extension of those 

 terms. 



The present interpretation differs from the connotative merely in this, 

 that instead of the connotation of S being understood to accompany that of 

 P t here the comprehension of S is understood to include that of P. It is 

 sufficiently appropriate for necessary or analytic propositions ; but as applied 

 to contingent or synthetic propositions, which are supposed to give some 

 new information, not derived from our previous knowledge of S and /*, the 

 comprehensive interpretation, &quot; S contains P&quot; can only mean that &quot; P is 

 now transferred by me for the first time from the unknown to the known 

 part of the comprehension of S thereby becoming for me a part of the 

 Subjective Intension of S&quot; (31). 



The predicative view alone, of those discussed so far, seems 

 appropriate for judgments that are particular, collectively or con 

 cretely universal, based on observation and experience, synthetic, 

 contingent as opposed to strictly universal, necessary, abstract, 

 or generic judgments. 



104. EXTENSIVE OR CLASS-INCLUSION INTERPRETATION. 

 Subject and Predicate in Denotation. According to this interpre 

 tation, the meaning of the proposition is to assert a relation of 

 mutual inclusion or exclusion between two classes. &quot; All men 

 are mortar would mean that &quot;All the objects denoted by the 

 term man are included among the objects denoted by the term 

 mortar : &quot; Men are mortals &quot;. 



