THE SCIENCE OF LOGIC 



reached only through an actual enumeration of instances, including 

 the conclusion. 



(14) While our knowledge of the universal premiss of the 

 syllogism is always ultimately based on sense experience of parti 

 cular facts, this premiss itself is a proximate, logical ground of the 

 conclusion ; nor is the derivation of the latter from it a petitio 

 principii so long as &quot;it is admitted that the conclusion does not 

 itself constitute any of the data [or facts] from which the [uni 

 versal] premiss is obtained V 



(15) The universal premiss of the syllogism may be either a 

 metaphysically, a physically, or a morally &quot; necessary,&quot; proposition : 

 it may be gathered from the individual data of sense experience, 

 not by an enumeration of the latter (7), but in a variety of other 

 ways, for example, (a) by direct intellectual Intuition, as in 

 axioms, (b) by Induction, as in physical laws and in generalizations 

 from human conduct in the social sciences, (c) by Authority, human 

 or divine, as in the sciences of law and theology. 



WELTON, op. cit., bk. iv., chap. vii. KEYNES, op. cit., pp. 385-8, 413-24. 

 JOSEPH, op. cit., pp. 225 sqq., 278 sqq. JOYCE, Logic, pp. 190 sqq. MILL, 

 Logic, \\., chap. iii. MELLONE, op. cit., pp. 226-39. VENN, Empirical 

 Logic, chap. xv. MERCIER, Logique, pp. 188-204. 



1 KEYNES, op. cit., p. 429. 



