Q UESTIONS AND EXERCISES 4 1 7 



biological meanings of the terms genus and species. Are there any fixed 

 species infimae in the logical sense of the word species ? In the biological 

 sense ? Does the logical subdivision of the traditional species infimae imply 

 that our knowledge is limited to names and does not extend to things ? 

 Can the same species have various differentiae and various genera ? Dis 

 tinguish between generic, specific, and individual differentiae and propria. 

 Define specific proprium in the stricter sense. Are propria and differentiae 

 interchangeable ? Explain the nature of the &quot; necessary &quot; connexion that 

 must exist between the proprium and the essence. Is the &quot; necessity &quot; in 

 question purely &quot; formal,&quot; or is it also &quot; real &quot; ? And, if &quot; real,&quot; is it 

 &quot; physical &quot; or &quot; metaphysical &quot; ? Are the so-called &quot; physical properties &quot; 

 of bodies, at a knowledge of which we arrive by physical induction, properties 

 in the strict, logical sense of the word ? Explain and illustrate the distinc 

 tion between separable and inseparable accidents (a) of the individual, (b) of 

 the species. Distinguish between the latter and the specific proprium. 



CHAP. III. When are our ideas said to be clear and distinct? What 

 logical processes contribute to make them so ? How did the Scholastics 

 define Definition f What are the &quot; tres modi sciendi &quot; ? Has definition 

 any other function than that of making our ideas distinct ? Is defini 

 tion concerned with names, with ideas, or with things ? How, therefore, 

 would you propose to define Definition ? Does definition aim at con 

 veying full knowledge of the thing defined, or only knowledge sufficient to 

 identify the latter ? How far back does definition carry analysis of connota 

 tion ? Why must the genus assigned in definition be the genus proximum ? 

 Can the same thing have different genera proxima ? and consequently 

 different definitions ? Does formal logic recognize any right to definition, 

 or does it rather regard the demand for a definition as exceptional? What 

 influences lead to change in definition ? What classes of terms, thoughts, or 

 things cannot be defined? Are the judgments by which we identify, or 

 name, or classify things, definitions ? What is Definition by Type ? Dis 

 tinguish between the definitions : &quot; A triangle means a three-angled figure &quot; 

 and &quot; A triangle is a three-sided figure &quot;. Explain the various distinctions 

 suggested by logicians between &quot; nominal &quot; and &quot; real&quot; definitions. What 

 is the Scholastic view of the function of &quot; nominal &quot; definition ? May the 

 distinction be retained ? What do you understand by &quot; Verbal^ Disputes &quot; ? 

 What, as a rule, is their origin ? What are etymological definitions ? synony 

 mous definitions ? private or technical definitions ? genetic definitions ? dis 

 tinctive explanations ? descriptions ? State the Rules of Definition. Ex 

 plain, with illustrations, the effects of violating each. 



CHAP. IV. Define logical division, enumeration, Fundamentum Divi- 

 sionis, co-division, subdivision. What is the aim of logical division ? Com 

 pare it with definition, with metaphysical analysis, with physical division, 

 with verbal division. Why must the basis of division be always a separable 

 accident of the class to be divided ? Is division a formal or a material pro 

 cess ? What is Dichotomy? Is it purely formal? How is it applied in 

 symbolic logic ? State the Rules of Logical Division. How are mutually 

 exclusive and collectively exhaustive results secured ? What is cross-division ? 

 disparate division ? State the advantages and disadvantages of dichotomy. 

 Define classification. How is it involved in the use of language ? State the 

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