428 THE SCIENCE OF LOGIC 



the second and third figures. In how many moods of each is a sorites pos 

 sible ? Determine, from an analysis of the forms and the special rules of the 

 second and third figures, the special rules for the sorites in these figures. 

 Why is the sorites peculiarly liable to the fallacy of &quot; four terms &quot; ? What is 

 the epicheirema ? How many kinds are there ? Give a concrete example of 

 each kind. 



CHAP. VII. Enumerate four essential features of syllogistic reasoning. 

 What kind of identity or diversity is involved in the judgments which con 

 stitute the categorical syllogism ? Is the relation of attribute to subject the 

 only relation that is found directly expressed in all judgments ? Indicate 

 some other kinds of relation ? Can the a fortiori argument be reduced to a 

 syllogism ? Is its axiom concerned with the real, or with the conceptual, 

 order ? Is any inference exclusively &quot; formal,&quot; or any exclusively &quot; material &quot; ? 

 Can we infer immediately &quot; from particular to particular &quot; ? What does 

 &quot; particular &quot; mean here ? Can we do so mediately without the intervention 

 of a universal ? Is not the argument from analogy an instance of this ? And 

 circumstantial evidence ? State Mill s view about the function of the syllo 

 gism. Distinguish between &quot; logical &quot; and &quot; psychological &quot; inference ; between 

 immediate inference and verbal change ? State what is known as the 

 &quot; Paradox of Inference&quot;. Give your own explanation of the &quot;novelty&quot; and 

 &quot; necessity &quot; which constitute the paradox. Explain these distinctions : The 

 conclusion is &quot;objectively&quot; &quot;subjectively&quot; &quot;actually&quot; &quot;virtually&quot; con 

 tained in the premisses. How is the fallacy of &quot; Petitio Principii alleged 

 to be committed in the syllogism ? Give instances of syllogisms which do 

 commit this fallacy ; of syllogisms which do not. Does the presence of a 

 definition in the premisses involve the fallacy ? To what erroneous theory, 

 as to the manner of reaching the universal judgment, may we trace the 

 objection that the syllogism is a petitio principii ? Is the process by which 

 we reach general truths an inferential process ? Is it more laborious, or 

 less laborious, than deductive inference ? Distinguish between formal and 

 material generalization. Distinguish between the logical grounds and the 

 ultimate sources of our knowledge of an inferred conclusion. 



END OF VOL. I. 



