204 THE MOUNTAINS OF CALIFORNIA 



The cones are from four to eight inches long, 

 slender, cylindrical, and somewhat curved, resem 

 bling those of the common White Pine of the Atlan 

 tic coast. They grow in clusters of about from three 

 to six or seven, becoming pendulous as they increase 

 in weight, chiefly by the bending of the branches. 



This species is nearly related to the Sugar Pine, 

 and, though not half so tall, it constantly suggests 

 its noble relative in the way that it extends its long 

 arms and in general habit. The Mountain Pine is 

 first met on the upper margin of the fir zone, grow 

 ing singly in a subdued, inconspicuous form, in 

 what appear as chance situations, without making 

 much impression on the general forest. Continuing 

 up through the Two-leaved Pines in the same scat 

 tered growth, it begins to show its character, and 

 at an elevation of about 10,000 feet attains its no 

 blest development near the middle of the range, 

 tossing its tough arms in the frosty air, welcoming 

 storms and feeding on them, and reaching the grand 

 old age of 1000 years. 



JUNIPER, OR RED CEDAR 

 (Juniperus occidentalis) 



THE Juniper is preeminently a rock tree, occupy 

 ing the baldest domes and pavements, where there 

 is scarcely a handful of soil, at a height of from 

 7000 to 9500 feet. In such situations the trunk is 

 frequently over eight feet in diameter, and not 

 much more in height. The top is almost always 

 dead in old trees, and great stubborn limbs push 



