23-24.] NOTES. 97 



1. 8. of a Stoic, from being a Stoic. It is a literal translation 

 of the Latin e stoico. 



1. 9. a Cynic, there is a play on the word Cynic, which means 

 dog-like, and was also the name of a school of Greek philosophers, 

 to which Diogenes, mentioned below, belonged. The name ' dog- 

 like ' was perhaps given to these philosophers from their coarse 

 way of life. The Stoics were another sect of philosophers, re 

 markable for their austerity and indifference to worldly goods. 

 The name Stoic is derived from the Stoa Poecile or colonnade in 

 Athens where Zeno taught. 



1. 11. abused, turned to a bad use. 



turning, etc. ,i.e. , representing old and ugly women as young 

 and beautiful, and vicious women as chaste. Hecuba was the wife 

 of Priam, king of Troy. Helen was the wife of the Grecian Mene- 

 laus : her seduction by Paris was the cause of the Trojan war. 

 Faustina was the wife of the Roman emperor, Marcus Antoninus, 

 and was celebrated for her immorality. Lucretia was a virtuous 

 Roman matron who was violated by the son of king Tarquin, and 

 who, rather than survive the shame, committed suicide. 



Ellis says that the writings of Du Bartas were held in great 

 esteem by King James. He was born in 1544, at Montfort in 

 Armagnac. His chief poem was on the subject of the Creation. 



The student will find some remarks on literary patronage in 

 Macaulay's Essay on Johnson and in Buckle's Hixtory of Civiliza 

 tion, vol. ii., ch. iv. Patronage was necessary to the scholar in 

 times when readers were so few that he could not maintain him 

 self by his pen. 



1. 15. for that, because. 



1. 20. it was to some such, etc. As Bacon himself had done : 

 see above, pp. 1-4. argument, the subject. The word argu- 

 mentum bears this sense in Latin. 



1. 23. tax, find fault with, morige ration, humouring. It is a 

 Latin word, and signifies literally ' bearing the habits ' of a man. 



L 24. application, p. 22, 1. 19. 



Diogenes, it should be Aristippus. 



1. 28. the one sort, etc., philosophers. 



1. 29. the other, etc., the rich. 



1. 30. Aristippus, born about 435 B.C. He was the founder of 

 the Cyrenaic school of philosophy. Dionysius was the ruler of 

 Syracuse. 



1. 33. tender, sensitive. 



1. 34. that he would offer, i.e., for offering. The point of 

 Aristippus' reply is that a philosopher, who has a request to 

 make, must make it prostrate, if the king will not listen to him 

 o 



