40-42.] NOTES. 123 



1. 21. forms, Observe that the word 'form' is applied both to 

 angels and material objects. Bacon probably had in mind 

 scholastic uses of the word. Thomas Aquinas uses the word, as 

 Bacon does here, to express ' material objects ' ' matter to 

 which shape has been given,' but he also says that there are 

 separate and immaterial forms, as an instance of which he 

 mentions the angels, incorporal, incorporeal. 



1. 26. in the distribution, etc., "And on the seventh day God 

 ended his work which he had made, and ho rested on the seventh 

 day . . . and God blessed the seventh day and sanctified it." 



1. 30. it is set down, it is written. 



1. 35. reluctation, effort. The necessity of labour was imposed 

 on man as a punishment after the fall. 



1. 36. of consequence, consequently. For of we should say 

 in. The words ' sweat of the brow ' are suggested by the 

 words of the curse pronounced by God upon Adam after his 

 sin: 'In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread." 

 Gen. Hi. 19. 



Page 42, 1. 3. summary, most important. Observation and 

 language are necessary to knowledge. With this passage, 

 cf. i. 3. 



1. 5. induced, brought on. Cf. p. 35, 1. 15. touched, just 

 mentioned. 



1. 8. were not the originals, i.e., things were not constituted 

 right or wrong simply by God ordering or forbidding them. 

 This remark might seem to imply a discouragement of the study 

 of Ethics, but we must not press his words too closely. In the 

 first place, he is not expressing an opinion of his own, but in 

 terpreting a text of Scripture. Moreover, Bacon held that 

 although the laws of morals are discoverable by reason, still 

 they are to be inferred from the will of God as revealed in 

 Scripture and manifested in nature. 



L 13. as the Scriptures, etc., in bk. 2, pp. 193-4. Bacon says 

 that the words of Scripture bear not only the literal sense, but 

 also a moral, and often a typical or allegorical sense. 



1. 16. Abel and Cain, the two brothers Abel and Cain, sons of 

 Adam, the one a shepherd and the other a tiller of the ground, 

 both made offerings to God. That of Abel was accepted, and 

 that of Cain rejected. In a fit of jealousy, Cain murdered his 

 brother. After the word husbandman, Bacon adds in the Latin 

 translation : * one who is weary with labour, and whose eyes are 

 bent upon the ground.' 



1. 28. the confusion of tongues, " And the Lord said, Behold, 

 the people is one, and they have all one language ... and now 

 nothing will be restrained from them which they have imagined 



