CHAP. II. IN SWISS LAKE-DWELLINGS. 23 



domesticated species comprise the dog, horse, ass, pig, goat, 

 sheep, and several bovine races. 



The greater number, if not all, of these animals served for 

 food, and all the bones which contained marrow have been split 

 open in the same way as the corresponding ones found in the 

 shell-mounds of Denmark before mentioned. The bones both 

 of the wild bull and the bison are invariably split in this 

 manner. As a rule, the lower jaws with teeth occur in greater 

 abundance than any other parts of the skeleton, a circum 

 stance which, geologists know, holds good in regard to fossil 

 mammalia of all periods. As yet the reindeer is missing 

 in the Swiss lake-settlements as in the Danish ' refuse-heaps,' 

 although this animal in more ancient times ranged over 

 France, together with the mammoth, as far south as the Py 

 renees. 



A careful comparison of the bones from different sites has 

 shown that in settlements such as Wangen and Moosseedorf, 

 belonging to the earliest age of stone, when the habits of the 

 hunter state predominated over those of the pastoral, venison, 

 or the flesh of the stag and roe, was more eaten than the flesh 

 of the domestic cattle and sheep. This was afterwards re 

 versed in the later stone period and in the age of bronze. At 

 that later period also the tame pig, which is wanting in some 

 of the oldest stations, had replaced the wild boar as a common 

 article of food. In the beginning of the age of stone, in Swit 

 zerland, the goats outnumbered the sheep, but towards the 

 close of the same period the sheep were more abundant than 

 the goats. 



The fox in the first era was very common, but it nearly 

 disappears in the bronze age, during which period a large 

 hunting-dog, supposed to have been imported into Switzerland 

 from some foreign country, becomes the chief representative 

 of the canine genus. 



A single fragment of the bone of a hare (Lepus timidus) 



