56 UPRAISED STRATA IN SWEDEN AND NORWAY. CHAP. m. 



direction not always upwards, and there may have been long 

 stationary periods, one of which of more than usual duration 

 seems indicated by the forty foot raised beach, which has 

 been traced for vast distances along the western coast of 

 Scotland. 



Coast of Cornwall. 



Sir H. De la Beche has adduced several proofs of changes 

 of level, in the course of the human period, in his ' Report on 

 the Geology of Cornwall and Devon for 1839.' He mentions 

 (p. 406) that several human skulls and works of art, buried 

 in an estuary deposit, were found in mining gravel for tin, at 

 Pertuan, the skulls lying at the depth of forty feet from the 

 surface, and others at Carnon, at the depth of fifty-three feet. 

 The overlying strata were marine, containing sea-shells of 

 living species, and bones of whales, besides the remains of 

 several living species of mammalia. 



Other examples of works of art, such as stone hatchets, 

 canoes, and ships, buried in ancient river-beds in England, 

 and in peat and shell-marl, I have mentioned in my work 

 before cited.* 



Sweden and Norway. 



In the same work I have shown that near Stockholm, in 

 Sweden, there occur, at slight elevations above the sea-level, 

 horizontal beds of sand, loam, and marl, containing the same 

 peculiar assemblage of testacea which now live in the brackish 

 waters of the Baltic. Mingled with these, at different depths, 

 have been detected various works of art implying a rude state 

 of civilization, and some vessels built before the introduction of 

 iron, and even the remains of an ancient hut, the whole ma 

 rine formation having been upraised, so that the upper beds 



* Principles of Geology. 



