CHAP. iv. REMAINS IN THE ENGIS AND ENGIHOUL CAYES. 65 



The incompleteness of each skeleton was especially ascer 

 tained in regard to the human subjects, Dr. Schmerling being 

 careful, whenever a fragment of such presented itself, to explore 

 the cavern himself, and see whether any other bones of the 

 same skeleton could be found. In the Engis cavern, distant 

 about eight miles to the south-west of Liege, on the left bank of 

 the Meuse, the remains of at least three human individuals were 

 disinterred. The skull of one of these, that of a young 

 person, was embedded by the side of a mammoth's tooth. It 

 was entire, but so fragile, that nearly all of it fell to pieces 

 during its extraction. Another skull, that of an adult in 

 dividual (see fig. 2, p. 81), and the only one preserved by Dr. 

 Schmerling in a sufficient state of integrity to enable the 

 anatomist to speculate on the race to which it belonged, was 

 buried five feet deep in a breccia, in which the tooth of a 

 rhinoceros, several bones of a horse, and some of the rein 

 deer, together with some ruminants, occurred. This skull, 

 now in the museum of the University of Liege, is figured in 

 Chap. V., where further observations will be offered on its 

 anatomical character, after a fuller account of the contents 

 of the Liege caverns has been laid before the reader. 



On the right bank of the Meuse, on the opposite side of 

 the river to Engis, it the cavern of Engihoul. Both were 

 observed to abound greatly in the bones of extinct animals 

 mingled with those of man ; but with this difference, that 

 whereas in the Engis cave there were several human crania 

 and very few other bones, in Engihoul there occurred nu 

 merous bones of the extremities belonging to at least three 

 human individuals, and only two small fragments of a 

 cranium. The like capricious distribution held good in 

 other caverns, especially with reference to the cave-bear, the 

 most frequent of the extinct mammalia. Thus, for example in 

 the cave of Chokier, skulls of the bear were few, and other 

 parts of the skeleton abundant, whereas in several other 



F 



