B. VIII.] THE HISTOEY OT ANIMALS. 221 



CHAPTEE XX T. 



1. AMONG quadrupeds, swine suffer from three diseases, one 

 of these is called sore throat, in whick the parts above the 

 jaws and the brauchia become inflamed ; it may also occur in 

 other parts of the body, and frequently seizes upon the foot, 

 and sometimes the ear. The neighbouring parts then be 

 come putrid, until it reaches the lungs, when the animal dies ; 

 the disease spreads rapidly, and the animal eats nothing from 

 the period of the commencement A the disease, be it where 

 it will. The swineherds have no other remedy but the 

 excision of the part before the disease has spread far. 



2. There are two other diseases which are both called 

 craura. One of them consists in a pain and weight in the 

 head, with which many of them are afflicted ; the other is 

 an excessive alviue discharge. This appears to be incurable. 

 They relieve the former by the application of wine to the 

 nostrils, and washing them with wine. Recovery from this 

 disease is difiicult, 1 or it generally carries them off on the 

 third or fourth day. 



3. They suffer particularly from sore throat, when the 

 summer bears abundantly, and they are fat. The fruit of 

 the mulberry is good for them, and abundant washings 

 with warm water, and scarification beneath the tongue. 

 ]f the flesh of swine is soft, it is full of small lumps 

 (chalaza 1 ) about the legs, neck, and shoulders; for in these 

 parts the chalazae are most frequent. If there are but a few, 

 the flesh is sweet ; if many, it becomes ven fluid and soft. 



-i. Those which have these chalazse are easily distinguished ; 

 for they exist in the greatest numbers under the tongue, 

 and if the hair is plucked from their mane it appears 

 bloodv underneath. Those which have chalazae cannot keep 

 their hind legs still. They are not thus affected as long as 

 they suck. The grain called tipha, which also forms excel 

 lent food, is the remedy for the chalazae. Vetches and figs 

 are useful both fcr fattening and rearing pigs ; and on the 

 \\ hole their food should not be all of one sort, but varied ; 

 tor swine, like other animals, derive advantage from a 

 change in their food ; and they say that at the same time 

 their food ought to inflate them, and to cover them both 

 with flesh aud fat. Acorns are good for their food, but 



