222 THE HISTORY OF ANIMALS. [B. TTTI. 



make their flesh watery ; and if they eat too many while 

 pregnant, they produce abortions, as sheep also do; for 

 these animals evidently suffer this from eating acorns. 

 The swine is the only creature that we know of which 

 has chalazae in its flesh. 



CHAPTER XXII. 



1. DOGS suffer from these diseases which have received these 

 names, lytta, cyuanche, podagra. The lytta produces mad 

 ness, and they infect every creature which they bite, except 

 mankind, with the same disease. This disease is fatal to 

 dogs and to any other animal they may bite except man. 

 The cynanche also is fatal to dogs ; and there are compara 

 tively few which recover from the podagra. Camels also are 

 seized with lytta. (The elephant does not appear to suffer 

 from any other infirmity except flatulency.) 



2. Gregarious oxen suffer from two diseases, one called 

 podagra, the other craurus. The podagra affects their feet ; 

 but it is not fatal, nor do they lose their hoofs. They derive 

 benefit from their horns being smeared with warm pitch. 

 When attacked with craurus, their breathing becomes warm 

 and thick. Fever in mankind is the same as craurus in cattle. 

 It is a sign of this disease, when they hang down their ears 

 and will not eat. It soon proves fatal, and when dissected, 

 their lungs appear putrid. 



CHAPTER XXIII. 



1. HOESES when grazing are free from all diseases except 

 podagra ; from this they suffer, and sometimes lose their 

 hoofs, which grow again as soon as they are lost, and the loss 

 of the hoof usually takes place as soon as the first recom 

 mences its growth. It is a sign of the disease when the 

 right testicle throbs, or when a wrinkled hollow place appears 

 a little below the middle of the nose. Horses that are brought 

 up in a domestic state suffer from several other diseases ; 

 they are attacked with a disorder in their bowels, and it is 

 a sign of the disease when they drag their hind legs up to 

 their fore legs, and keep them under in such away that they 

 almost strike together: if they go mad after having ab 

 stained from food for several days, they are relieved by 

 bleeding and castration. 1 



2. The tetanus is another disease of horses, which is thus 

 1 The passage is altogether corrupt. 



