PATHOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES. 205 



duct, this in fact is one of their most common situations. 

 The passage of a stone through the cystic duct gives rise 

 to vomiting and severe colic only ; but when it enters 

 the common duct, we have jaundice ; when it passes 

 along the common duct the severity of the pain abates ; 

 but returns again with great severity while passing 

 through the narrow opening into the duodenum, when 

 the pain immediately ceases, as if by enchantment. 

 Xuw and then the common duct is found to be the 

 receptacle for a large number of calculi. Cruveilhier and 

 Morgagni record some cases where the gall-bladder was 

 dilated to the size of the stomachs, which were found 

 filled with calculi. Frerichs also has met with similar 

 cases. 



There are various other channels through which gall- 

 stones may make their exit from the liver and its ap- 

 pendages ; they are, however, artificial, consequently re- 

 vulsive to nature's laws. To obtain this object, however, 



lar openings are manufactured by the stones, by a 

 process of irritation, inflammation, adhesion, ulceration 

 and finally perforation. By this mode gall-stones find 

 their way into the stomach and duodenum, into the 



-vers colon, into the peritoneum ; and outwards 

 through the skin, into the abdominal cavity, into the 

 urinary passages, into the vagina, and into the portal 

 vein. The majority of gall-stones which pass into the 

 intestines through the ordinary channels make their 



along the small and large intestines and are expelled 

 with the faeces without creating any unpleasant symp- 

 toms ; but it sometimes happens that a stone becomes 

 firmly impacted in some portion of the small intestine : 

 when this accident occurs the intestine above the 



