CHAPTER IX 



SOME SUBJECT MATTER AND METHODS IN FOURTH, 

 FIFTH, SIXTH, SEVENTH, AND EIGHTH GRADES 



FOURTH YEAR GRADE 



The work of this year includes daily oral drill in addi- 

 tion, subtraction, multiplication, division, and partition of 

 numbers through 144. Many combina- 



Matter t * ons are * ven > suc ^ as 25 + 18; 80 21 ; 



9 X 400 ; the indicated operations being 

 performed mentally. Long division, easy factoring, prac- 

 tice in reading and writing numbers through two periods, 

 are also in the allotment for fourth grades. Such Roman 

 numerals as are found in the reading lessons are taught. 



Certain fractions are taken objectively; such as, f, f, f, 

 f , and many others. Where the results are integers, parts 

 of numbers are found. By the use of the ruler and of 

 blackboard illustrations, pupils are led in a simple, con- 

 crete way to add, subtract, multiply, and divide fractions, 

 continuing the work begun in these lines in the third grade. 

 To aid in the thorough comprehension of fractions, differ- 

 ent concrete, fractional forms and results are frequently 

 compared with one another. 



By the use of the common unjts of measurement, the 

 pupils are kept familiar with inch, foot, yard, mile; square 

 inch, square foot; cubic inch, cubic foot; pint, quart, gal- 

 lon; ounce, pound; unit, dozen, gross; second, minute, 

 hour, week, month, year. 



ii 145 



