25O METHODS IN TEACHIN.G 



treatment, it is taken up in sections. In studying Europe, a 

 comparison of conditions and productions, already a little 

 known to the pupils through the stories of 

 South America children of other land is the met hod of 

 Europe 



Asia, Africa approach. The dykes of Holland are com- 

 pared with the levees along the San Joaquin 

 river; the mountains of Switzerland with the mountains of 

 California; the coal and iron of England with that of the 

 Middle Atlantic states. Where comparisons are not easily 

 drawn, the stories of other lands may be taken as points of 

 departure or as centers of interest. In studying Asia, China 

 and Japan are the two countries to be emphasized, especially 

 for the growing commercial relations between them and the 

 United States. The attention of the pupils is called to the 

 marked contrast between the two countries. Africa is 

 studied very briefly, for this continent touches but lightly 

 the interests and knowledge of the children of this age. 



The home geography for the year is an extension of that 

 for the preceding grade. The city is studied with reference 

 to its location and advantages. Why is 

 Geography Stockton a commercial city? Of what ad- 



vantage is transportation of freight by 

 water? What railroads pass through the city? What ones 

 terminate here? In what way do they benefit Stockton? 

 The manufactures are reviewed ; the sources, uses, advan- 

 tages of the various kinds of power available for manufactur- 

 ing purposes here are talked over, always remembering the 

 limitations of a child's interest and comprehension. The 

 lighting of the city is discussed, as are also the drainage sys- 

 tem and the means of disposing of the sewage. Stockton 



