GEOGRAPHY 



earth and to the other planets. They should distinguish 

 such terms as sun, planet, star, satellite, and be able to 

 demonstrate by diagram and globes the motions of the earth 

 which give us day and night, and the seasons. They 

 should also understand the interrelations of the earth, the 

 moon, and the sun, which give the phases of the moon. 



Comparison of the sun, moon, earth, and other planets 

 is always interesting to pupils if given in a manner that is 

 readily understood. Many questions will suggest them- 

 selves to teachers for arousing interest and developing defi- 

 nite concepts, as : If the earth is represented by a globe three 

 feet in diameter, what will be the diameter of a proportional 

 globe to represent the sun? the moon? Jupiter? If the 

 globe representing the earth were placed in a certain posi- 

 tion, how far away would the other globes have to be 

 placed to maintain proportions as to distance? If the earth 

 were represented by a globe two blocks in diameter, how 

 high would Mount Shasta appear on its surface? How 

 high above the surface would clouds float if proportional 

 distances were maintained? 



The views of modern scientists regarding the condition of 

 the interior of the earth can be noted and discussed, and the 

 principal physical changes that are constantly in progress 

 on the surface of the earth should be considered as fully as 

 time will permit. 



Pupils of this age are able to comprehend many of the 

 factors which make up climate and to determine the distri- 

 bution of animal and vegetable life. Thermal zones, winds, 

 ocean currents, and the causes and distribution of rainfall 

 all prove profitable subjects in this grade. 



In connection with the study of races, some attention is 

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