HISTORY IN PRIMARY GRADES 28 1 



mission to go through the state. But he refused. So he 

 went up to the mountains and spent the winter. In the 

 spring he started for Oregon. On his way he found that a 

 war had broken out between United States and Mexico. So 

 he took his men and went back to Sonoma. Here he took 

 the Mexican governor prisoner. They took down the 

 Mexican flag and raised the bear flag. This flag was made 

 by taking a piece of white cloth and sewing a piece of red 

 flannel across the bottom. With the juice of some berries 

 they stained a bear in the center. In the upper right hand 

 corner they made a star. 



Commodore Sloat came into Monterey bay with an 

 American war vessel. He told his men to haul down the 

 Mexican flag and put up the American flag. So California 

 belonged to the United States. They sent flags to San 

 Francisco and Sonoma. When the flag reached Sonoma 

 they hauled down the bear flag and with cheers raised the 

 American flag. 



FOURTH YEAR GRADE 



History in the fourth grade continues, generally speaking, 

 along the biographical lines of the three preceding years. 

 History should mean to the children man and the develop- 

 ment of mankind, and there is no means of producing this 

 effect except by teaching it through men. On the other 

 hand, the work should not be simply the story of a man. 

 History is far broader than that, just as the life of one per- 

 son can not be lived for himself alone. This, indeed, is one 

 of the lessons that it is hoped the children will learn from his- 

 tory. Through the lives of the men about whom they are 

 learning a little, they should see the broader movements of 



