PRINCIPLES APl'I.H. \1U.K TO STREET CLEANING 



to perform any of the other functions which they regu- 

 larly exercise. In fact the average policeman has a 

 great deal of time on his hands which he does not 

 employ to advantage in any way under present cir- 

 cumstances. 



The magistrates before whom offenders against the 

 sanitary ordinances of a city are sometimes brought are 

 equal offenders with the police in this matter. Duty of 

 Cases of proved negligence or wilful disobe- Ma K strate 

 dience against the sanitary code are too often treated 

 with leniency and even with levity. It is only 

 within recent years that boards of health in their 

 crusades against promiscuous spitting have been 

 able to secure the imposition of fines when violators 

 of the ordinances have been brought before the 

 magistrates. 



In order to facilitate the work of the street-cleaning 

 department, cooperation is desirable between those city 

 departments which are responsible for the Necessity of 

 paving of streets, the opening of pavements, Inventive 

 the regulation of traffic, the storing of building Work 

 materials, and the management of markets. Effective 

 cooperation of this kind is rare in America, but in Europe 

 all these matters, and more, are not uncommonly at- 

 tended to by one central authority. The importance of 

 maintaining the streets in a condition of cleanliness and 

 good repair is so great and the cost so large under the 

 best circumstances, that some sort of agreement should 

 exist among the different authorities having jurisdiction 

 over the streets. Upon the street-cleaning authority 

 devolves the responsibility for seeking this cooperation, 

 for it is his work which is most affected. 



Successful work in keeping streets clean requires 



17 



