MODERN METHODS OF STREET CLEANING 



other refuse from the streets, iron orderly bins have 

 been constructed upon the sidewalks in several cities, 

 notably in London. Their capacity is generally about 

 one-half a cubic yard of refuse; in a special compart- 

 ment there is storage room for about an eighth of a 

 cubic yard of sand or gravel. On the outside is a 

 basket for fruit skins and other wastes of this kind. 

 These bins are emptied of their refuse as often as 

 required, carts for this purpose sometimes making 

 five or six rounds within twenty-four hours. 



Much popular criticism is brought against these 

 iron sidewalk bins on the ground that they impede 

 traffic and are unsightly, and it does seem curious that 

 in cities where fire hydrants, electric wires, lamp-posts, 

 letter-boxes, and other obstructions have been care- 

 fully placed under the pavement or otherwise out of 

 the way of pedestrians, these orderly boxes should 

 exist. 



In Paris refuse collected from the streets during the 

 day is taken to side streets off the main thorough- 

 fares, and left there until it can be collected by the 

 regular cleaning carts in the morning or, if necessary, 

 by a special service in the late afternoon. 



In Berlin experiments are being made on some of 

 the principal streets with pits sunk below the side- 

 walks and opening by removable iron gates through 

 the curb to the carriage pavement. The refuse is 

 swept directly into these pits by the day workmen. 

 They are emptied at night. A wagon, provided with 

 a crane, raises an iron receptacle from the pit where 

 it has been placed for the purpose of collecting the 

 refuse. 



In Hamburg somewhat similar pits are used of a 



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