MODERN METHODS OF STREET CLEANING 



31, 1906, was $678,490.35, less an income from rural 

 estates of $1424.12, or a net cost to the city of $677,- 

 066.23. 



According to an estimate made in 1906, the popula- 

 tion of Manchester was 637,126, or about one-eighth 

 of that of the city of New York. There were 



Extent and 



Pavement of about 750 miles of paved streets and 121,169 

 dwelling-houses. The city covers 19,803 acres. 

 Where traffic is heavy granite blocks are used and on 

 streets of less travel blocks of grit from the Rosendale 

 Valley, about 20 miles from Manchester, are employed. 

 There are about 350 miles of streets paved with granite 

 and about the same amount with grit. There is little 

 wood paving. Tar-macadam has been experimented 

 with, but the results are said not to have given satis- 

 faction. 



The sidewalks are laid with natural flags. There are 

 9,363,930 square yards of carriageway and 3,458,257 

 square yards of sidewalk. 



The street-cleaning department has charge of clean- 

 ing both sidewalks and streets. The total amount of 

 Quantities street sweeping done during the year 1906 

 HandtTby amounted to 634,366,257 square yards. About 

 committee 3^000,000 gallons of water were used upon the 

 streets. The street sweepings comprised 80,369 long 

 tons. There were collected 350,982 tons of refuse of 

 all kinds. 



The streets are cleansed with horse-propelled sweep- 

 ing machines and are sprinkled. They are ballasted, 

 or, as we say in America, sanded, with ground 



Methods of ' 



cleaning the clinker from refuse destructors and with granite 



Streets . . 



chips. 

 In addition to the work of cleaning the streets and 



86 



