M.\\( in.>i 1.1; 



by reason of the increasing rental which is derived 

 lYi'in it. 



The quantity of manure which has been put upon 

 the land is surprisingly large. It is stated that as 

 much as 300 tons of nightsoil per statute acre Quantity of 

 has sometimes been used year after year upon ^^^ 

 tin- same field and for the cultivation of the Land 

 same kind of crop. In fact, one piece of land has 

 received an average of 1200 tons of nightsoil per acre 

 for nine years without injury to potatoes grown in it, 

 although cereal crops have been made too heavy. The 

 quantity used is largely regulated by the character of 

 the soil on which the manure is applied and the crop 

 it is intended to grow. Few farmers use less than thirty 

 tons per acre per annum and many farmers use double that 

 quantity on the land owned by the city of Manchester. 



The peculiar kind of soil comprising the property is 

 capable of receiving more of this kind of manure 

 than can other soils. It is called peat moss. An 

 idea of its character can be obtained from the follow- 

 ing particulars concerning a representative section: 

 The peat was 17 feet thick and shrunk upon drainage 

 and cultivation to 9 feet. Beneath the peat was sandy 

 clay or loam and below this boulder clay 26 feet 6 inches 

 thick. At the base of this there was red sandstone. 



The first crop planted was potatoes. The yield was 

 excellent. No manure was required for a crop the 

 following season. 



Not only nightsoil is used upon the Carnngton estate, 

 but market garbage, which consists of cabbage leaves, 

 potato tops, rotten oranges, onions, fruit of Kinds of 

 all descriptions, and vegetable refuse. The HandL 

 vegetable refuse is, however, first middened and allowed 



91 



