METHODS 



ends. The elaters have two spiral bands. The one figured, which 

 measured 150*1 in length, was somewhat shorter than the majority of 

 them. 



The mature sporophyte of P. radiculoM differ* from that of P. 

 Zollingtri in it* shorter seta, which, according to Schiffncr 1 1 ). u only 

 15-30 HMD m length. The capsule, however, is much longer than 

 Zollingfri, but almost pcrfcv drical in form, scarcely 



ig. 23. 0). As already stated, also, the 

 conspicuously pointed It <>| K -ns m the same way, by four narrow 

 united at the apex. Except at the pointed apex, the wall of the 

 is composed of three layers of cells, of which the outer one has the cell- 

 walls uniformly thickened, and dark colored. The markings on the ripe 

 spores form a network of delicate ridges, much like those in Fotsom- 

 bronia, but quite different from those found in PaUaivfimio ZMmgtn 

 (Fig !,/,/), The ripe spores are 12-1511 in diameter, and the 

 often measure about 22511 in length. 



Sections of the capsules of P. Z oiling fri, A; P. Ln-uri. B; P. m*t*. C. P. rmtitm- 



lota. D. B and /) are not fully grown. 

 A-C, x 18; D. x ia 



Spore Division 



Long before any sign of the final nuclear division in the spore- 

 mother-cell can be seen the cell becomes deeply four-lobed, as in ail 

 Junvjermanniales. The mother cell in P. ZoUingfri (Fig. 21. / 



edly larger than in P. raditulosa. but its nucleus is smaller. Traces 

 hat looked like the quadripolar spindle described by Fanner in P. 



