HKUCIDA 



HBUCUUaV 



<uld 



. 

 1. 



MIL Bnbfsana. CWMeeWo, 1 



Shell eylindrical 

 let Group, frnprn, Fer. (//r/Cr, fro, Ac.). 



Shall fusiform. 



tH Oroop, CWsejM. Per. (//'> ittnemdi, Ac.). 

 too* or two (utters; poristomo generally continuous. 

 \1V. S^fenos. 



t Month without teeth or lamina. 



PorMomo not continuous. 



M droop. Pnpoidoa, Fer. (Helix Carwu/o, Ac.). 

 reooaoaas continuous. 

 Tncboloidto, Fer. (/Wir Skoaii, Ac.). 

 with great plaiU or elongated teeth. (Hclic 



Shell left handed. 

 Month without any lamina. (Balea, Gray.) 

 M Oroop. Anomalem, Fer. (/Mix pernrta, Ac.). 

 Month armed (with lamina-, on* of which performs the part of an 





4th Group. (Tcsaito, Drapamand (//</.> (orfteoOu, Aa). 



Genera. 



notn. 



ene. rrfv (Mailer). Animal elongated, demi-cylindrical, 

 with rather large spiral body and a oolUr closing the .hell ; only 

 two Uotaclea, lone. oboonicol, retractile, rounded at their extremity ; 

 i at the pulmonary cavity upon the collar and to the right, 

 by that of the rent ; organ* of generation uuited and 

 * -- T the right tentacle. Oviparous. 



Shell cylindrical, very spiral ; aperture straight, in the direction of 

 Uktaxk, short, often dentated; periatome often sinuous and reflected ; 

 rift* or left handed (dxtral or sinistral). 



Fmriula (Far). Animal elonjtated, detm-cylmdncal, with a rather 

 (am mini body ; a collar closing the shell and carrying the orifice 

 of the pulmonary cavity on the right and at the external angle of the 

 .srturi; two tentacle* only, cylindrical and retractile, ocellated on 

 their summit; organs of generation united (F), showing their orifice 

 ear the right tentacle. Otroviviparous. 



ShsO oral, pointed ; spire conical, hurt whorl convex and longer 

 than the others united, whorl* of the spire 4 to < ; aperture straight 

 the direction of the axis, abort, aometime* dentated, or furnished 

 with iWtatod lamina; peristome commonly very much reflected, 

 with the edge in the same vertical plane; oolumellar aide or lip 

 caDotuatiuba*.; dextral or ainutral. 



K tun*/* third family of Inoperculato Pulmoniferous Mollusks 

 rra-1-'- J the AuricuU* of Ftauaac (Aurinlarta of De BUinville 

 AwntmM* of Gray ; Umnoeoehlida* (a collier) of Latreille). These 

 re either terrvtnal or marine, and one ha* been announced a* 

 oviatila. They comprsheod the genera Cmyeknm, A uricula (A rv 

 <W aod CWerWo, Urn. ; MJampiu, Montf ), Frdipa, and Scarabut. 

 To tbeae may be added C'*Vio, Gray; Aemea, Hrtmann ; and 

 Mirimdm, Kin*> Rone of tbsw can be considered to belong to the 



<, prooerly so called. 



The (berth funily, the Limnean* of Iximarck (l.imnacra of De 

 Umnocochlide* (without a collar) of Latreille), i* entirely 

 t of the genera Plnortu, Limtura, or, as Lejnarck 



lit Family. 



Helicine* of Ferussac (Helicinide* of LatreilM. 

 Animal furnished with a collar, and two filiform tentacle* carrying 

 the eye* at their external base upon tubercle*. 



Shell more or less globulose, with a demi-oval aperture, and thl 

 columella transversal and delicate. Operculum horny, sometime* 



wrfe** it, Lm*n, and Pkmm, Aptrna, Flem., and AmphiptpUa, Nils. 

 Thl. terily cswMt bs oonaidered a* belonging to the Htlicida, properly 



Taw order Folmonra OpercoM* of FCTOSMC ( Trach fli nodes CoUnuoe* 

 ii f I mst. rTtmibraacbeaof Cuvier; Chiamobranches Cricostomea 

 f I*> Biatoville; PnMpOttM* of Latrcille), i* thus denned by M 

 IU / 



tainal rWnswMd with a foot fitted for creeping, no branchiir, bn 

 rarity reostviBg the ambient fluid by a large opening 

 d ; tsnlsclss two in number ; organ* of general i. .1 



conical. Operculum 



that this order wan eU*>lihed byM. De Ftaisw 

 at the /Vrti'>'SMii l *iiitii of at r, an- 1 for the genii 



. ./; bntafterwardeM. DeFemaaac added to it the genus 

 wbien wn* s* one Ume oonfoanoM with the Colimaoes o 

 At pnswt, onetimes M. Rnttf, the Opercolated I'nlmo 

 very well the pssssM from the Tulmonimns to tli 



- f they are related to the first with reference 



i. and to the seoond with reference to the 



Ml external. 



tercal. coMlee, epiral. ctobnlow, or 

 rhoray. All terreetriat 



*ngoerrCT a . De Fdruaiao eetabliahed Uio two familiea 

 of tielicinian* and Tubicinian* for two genera nearly approximated, 

 and that it would be pernap* more convenient to unite them, the 

 difference between them being really not very remarkably except in 

 their teetaceou. envelope ; but Mr. Gray has pointed out that one baa 

 an annular and the oilier a spiral Operculum. See also the Kev. M. 

 O. Berkeley 1 * ' Memoir ' hereinafter alluded to. 



Genera. UMci**, Lam. (Oligyra, Say ; AmpM"^, De BlainvUle). 

 Animal very spiral, furnished with a proboecidiform head and 

 bilabiated muzzle; tentacle* filiform, carrying the eyes at their 

 extended baae on tubercle* ; foot *hort, rounded, with a tranayerae 

 anterior furrow ; pulmonary cavity opening in front of the mantle by 

 mean* of a large transversal slit 



Shell sub^globuloae or conoid, a little depressed, not umbihcated, 

 with a low spire, an aperture demi-oval, or nearly ovnl, the peristome 

 reflected into a border (bourrelct), the left lip enlarged upon tl,. 

 umbilicus, which it entirely covers ; columella tran*ver*al and planu- 

 ato. Operculum homy, sometimes slightly calcareoua externally ; 

 inea of growth concentric, 



Belicma, waa established by Lamarck, and placed by him among 

 hi* Colimace*. M. Rang is of opinion that the genera Am]>uilina of 

 De Blainville and Oliyyra of Say ought to be referred to J/tlicina, an 

 opinion which seem* to be in uuiaon with that of M. De Blamville 

 himaelf, who ha* arranged both theae genera under Iftlicina in his 

 ' Manual' Dr. Gray ha* published a valuable monograph of the 

 genu* in the first volume of the ' Zoological Journal,' and the late 

 Uev. Lansdown Guilding has recorded some other specie*, with plate* 

 of the animal, in the same work, vol. iii. 



The definition of M. De F<Srua*ac'* aeoond family, the Turbicmians, 

 Animal without a collar, provided with two tentacle*, ooellated at 

 their external base. 



Shell conoid, more or less elevated, with a roundish aperture and 

 continuous border*. Operculum calcareous. 



Cyclottoma (Lamarck). Animal very spiral, furnished with a pro- 

 boecidiforrn head, which bears two cylindraceous tentacles, convex, or 

 swollen at their summit, contractile, and ocellated at their external 

 baae : foot elongated and oblong ; pulmonary cavity communicating 

 with the exterior by means of a large slit at the superior and anterior 

 part of the mantle ; position of the male organ indicated by a tento- 

 culiform appendage ituated at the right side. 



Shell conoid, discoid, or turriculated, more or less elevated, with a 

 aharp or mammillated summit, having all the whorls rounded ; aper- ^ 

 ture round, with continuou* and reflected borders. Operculum cal- 

 careous, with concentric lines, summit subcentral. (Rang.) 



The species of Cyclottoma are very numerous, and many of them 

 are Tory beautiful. Mr. G. B. Sowerby ha* added considerably t 

 catalogue. They are principally the inhabitant* of temperate 

 or warm climate*; there i* one English species, C. elegant. The 

 reader will find an excellent paper on the anatomy of this species, by 

 the Rev. M. G. Berkeley, in the 4th vuL of the ' Zoological Journal.' 



M. Rang add* to these Pulmouifcrous Operculated Mollusks, the 



foasil genus 



faZuina, Grateloup (Stropkoitoma, Deahayes). Animal unknown. 

 Shell oval, subglobuloae ; aperture round, bordered, oblique, aiinpl<-, 

 toothless, turned over from the side of the spire; umbilicus more or 

 lea* large. Operculum? (Rang.) 



M. Rang remark* that M. Grateloup established this genus for a 

 foeail shell from Dax, which aeems at the first view very near to 

 Attottoma, but which M. Grateloup, from the examination of its 

 ture, consider* a* more approximate to Cyclottoma. M. Hang states that 

 he participate* in this opinion, which thu knowledge of the operculurn 

 can alone confirm; and he goes on to observe that M. Deshayea, 

 doubtless not having seen the publication of this genus in the first 

 number of the ' Bulletin of the Linnican Society of Bordeaux,' liad 

 ubsequently published it under the name of Strophoiioma. Three or 

 four specie* are known. 



Some may have doubts as to the propriety of placing these oper- 

 rulated pulmoniferous terrestrial mollusks under tho funiily Jltli 

 But we believe, notwithstanding the difference of the opereiihmi, 

 that their general organisation will warrant their being so placed ; and 



that the terrestrial shell-snails may without violence be placed i 



great family, which may be subdivided into the Helicida without 

 operctila, and the HeliciJia! with operculo. 



Before we conclude this part of the subject, we must draw the 

 reader's attention to the following arrangement proposed by. Dr. J. K. 

 Omy : 



Terrctrial. 



Tentacles retractile. Eyes pedicillate. 

 Gasteropodous. Limncidat. 

 Trachclipodous. Helicida. 



