HK8PKR1S. 



'IKRA. 



i have a large head, tod a thicker body and 

 typical apecWe; they an monpw at 



by their 'poexnaing two pain of apun, 



r MiBH, to Ike bfi; tbrtriht U abort and in frequent jrrks; hence 

 Ik*? * nosiv*.! UM BUM of Skipprn. 



// ^hmmmt i* about on* inch and a qnarter in width ; the wing* 

 at* of a rkn brownub-yWIow above, with the outer margin* deep- 

 brow. ; Ik* anterior wing* an spotted toward* the apex with yellow, 

 aad bae an oblong Mack da*h near the baa* ; the posterior wings 

 Uv* MOM todirtiiKt .pou. 



Thi. butterfly, which is very common in various part, of England. 

 *d i* cby found on tb* borden of wood*, will afford an example 

 of UM tribe of which we an treating. 



TW. an *mnl other apeci** of the family ifttperiidtt found in 

 Uu. country, of which UM bym* atftolni may be noticed. Thi* U 

 IrttW black butterfly with numerou* diver-like spot*, and is known 

 by Ik* EmdMh *domaogiU by the name of the Grizzled Skipper. 



HT8PBEU (from Hpnu*,' the evening), a genu. of Plant* 

 ^T'-rr 1 !! to Ik* natural order Ontifmr, and the tribe Sitymtna. 

 Tb* lowem emit a sweet fragrance during the night, and hence the 

 (MM derive, it* name. The pod*an quadrangular, or ub-com pressed, 

 k* vain. kwbd and somewhat swerved, the aeed* in a-ingle row. 

 Tb*n an only three sprcin enumerated, and none of these are made 

 M* of by man but a* ornamental and iweetcceuted plant*. 



//. >! alia, Dam*'. Violet, i* the only British species ; it has an 

 net branched item, ovate lanceolate leave*, and Urge handsome lilac 

 fragrant Bower*. The bdic* of Germany have pot* of thi. plant 

 placed in their apartment* ; bence it ha* be -n called Dame's Violet 

 rarkmeon call* it Qo**n'. Oilliflower ; and Gerard, Damask Violet, 



All tk* specie, thrive beat in a light rich noil, and require the same 

 treatment a* moat other tardy garden-plant*. 



(Don, lXrUamrd*o*i Plant* ; Babington, Manual.) 



HETEROBKANCHIA'TA, X. De Blainville'i name for the fourth 

 order of hi. Aceplkalopkora. 



The lrt Family (Arodian.) U divided into two tribe. : 1, Simple 

 A arid in, of which Bipupillaria and Podia are examples. [Bir.\rn.- 

 LABIA ; FODIA.] 2, Aggregated A^AIim._ an example of which is 

 Jfrrwllmt. [TrsirATA ; HOTRTUJDJS.] 



The 2nd Family oonsute of the Salpaoeau*, and i* alao divided into 

 two tribe*: 1, the Simple (BipAora, Ac.) ; 2, the Aggregate (Pyrotoma). 

 [SALT*.] 



II ETEKO'CERCAL, the term chosen by M. Agaaais to expreas a 

 penuliar form of the tail* of fishes, which affords a very obvious, and, 

 a* far a* yet appear*, a very correct indication of the geological age of 

 fnnilinn Among existing fishe* the tail is either simple, as in the 

 ed, bifurcate, a* in the salmon, expanded to a round figure, a* in the 

 mitmi, or unequally bilobate, a. in the shark. It U to this latter 

 irregular form of tail that the term Heterocercal i* applied : the 

 others, by way of distinction, an called Homocercal. 





tarfc. 



Tk peculiarity of UM Heterooercal Fishes is that the vertebral 

 column ran* along tb* upper caudal lobe : in the other forms of tail 

 It i. qrB.mttrv-.llr placed with ncpect to the posterior finny expan- 

 ton. B. Aguois ha. found this peculiarity of the tail, which is least 

 i.-,- .^ ., aoatotd to p^rtieuu,. p^ to 



.of whatever group, and however 

 mpMto, which occur in itrate older than the 

 lie in and above that ytem Homocercal form. 

 - -f geological time ; and among 

 ~ to physical condition* 

 lion 

 the 



MMM among living f*bea, and oo 

 bejooc to everr specie, of fiabea, of 

 aUbrnig hi other rest^cU, which <. 



OolWc " 1 ' wh * * aA * bolr * 



that it i. M 



animal economy, we prefer the opinic 

 mark* of the aauroid character of U 



the Heterooarcal to the ordinary t 



c** m- to P<rimmi FttnUt.) 



IIKTKKU'CKUUS, a genu* of Pentamerou* Coleopterous Insect* 



rstabliahed by Bosc. Latreille places it in his second aection of his 

 amily dovioonui, and forms of it a tribe under tha name of Acatt- 

 \apaia, on account of the flattened broad limbs armed with Bpim-s. 

 'heee beetle* have small oval depressed bodies, and eleven-jointed 



antenna:, the last six articulation* forming a cylindrical club. They 

 re in sand or mud, by streams or among marshes, burrowing iu 

 be ground by mean* of their spiuou* tibuc. When disturbed or 



alarmed they come out of their holes. The larrw live in the same 

 Hunt ions with the perfect insects. Several species are found hi Britain. 

 HKTEKOCLIN. [MAX.ivMMB.] 



HKTKKODON, M. De Blaiuville's name for a genus of Dolphins, 

 'ho term lldrrodon had been applied by M. De Beauvoi* to a genus 



jf er|ieuts placid by Cuvier under hi* great genu* Coluber. [CETACK*.] 

 HKTHIioiJAXGLlA'TA. The J/aei-ogattgliata of IVofessor Owen 



comprise all the AfiMutca of Cuvier, with the exception of the 



Cirripedi*. 



HKTEKOOYNA. [HIMENOPTEBA.] 

 H KTERO'MKUA, the second section of Coleopterous Insect* in the 



arrangement of Latreille, including such as have five articulations in 



the first four tarsi, anil four in the two posterior. They are all 



vegetable feeders. Latreille divided the Uetcrumcra into four 



group*: 



1st, the Heleuoma, dusky or black insect*, for the most part apterous 



and having hard elytra, which are often anchylosed. Their jaws are 

 umished with a hook, their claws are simple, and their eyea are 



oblong and depressed, a character which indicate* nocturnal habits. 

 They live in sand, or under stones, and often in cellars and vaults. 



They are very tenacious of life, living many mouths after being 

 transfixed by a pin and placed in the cabinet. Doubtless this is owing 

 :o the quantity of fat in their bodies, which much exceeds that found 

 in allied iusccts, and enables them to subsist for a long period with- 

 out food. They are found in all parts of the world. The gen. ra 

 I'imelia, Blapi, and Tcneliriu are types of as many tribes among the 

 Melatoma. The Darkling Beetle, Blapi mortiiaga [BLAhsj, and the 

 Meal- Worm, Tencbrio molilor, arc familiar British examples. 



2nd, the Taiicorna, insects without hooked jaws, with more or 

 less square bodies, hard elytra, wings, short antennae, and feet adapted 

 for running, furnished with simple claws. They live under the bark 

 of trees, or in the fungi pariaitical on their trunks. A few live on the 

 {round under stones. The genera Diaptr'u and Coryphiu are type* 

 of tribes in this division. 



3rd, the Stcndytra, which differ from the preceding in the struc- 

 ture of the antennae, those organs being perfoliate or clavate in the 

 Taiicornei, but simple among the insects of the present section, lu 

 other respects they are similar. The genera Hylujn, CitUUa, Dirccea, 

 (Kdemera, and Myctera, are type* of tribes. They mostly inhabit 

 wood. The (JEdemerte are found on flowers : they fly well. 



4th, the Trathdidet, beetle* having triangular or heart-shaped 

 heads, remarkable for being pedunculated. The neck is not retractile. 

 Their bodies are soft, and furnished with wings, protected by flexible 

 elytra. The jaws ore not furnished with hooks, and the claws are bifid. 

 Lagria, Pyrochora, MorJdla, Anlkecta, J/oria, and Meloe ore typos of 

 tribe* in this division. In the tribe of Uantluiridca, of which if doe 

 is the type, are found the Blistering Beetles, which were probably the 

 insect* known to the ancient* under the name of Bupreitit, and 

 regarded as poison to cattle and oven to man. [CANTIIAUIII ji.] 



HETEKUMYS, a genus of Animals belonging to the orl.r 

 Rodtntia. The genus is described as having the cheek-pouches of the 

 Hamsters, the general form of the body and tail of the Rats properly 

 so called, and the dorsal flattened spines of Echimyt, Geoff. (Lonelier, t, 

 Illiger). The dental system is unknown; feet with six callosities 

 below, and five toes, the internal toe very small. (Lesson.) //. Thorn f- 

 tonii, Lesson (Oricctui anomalui, Deem. ; Hut anomaliu, Thompson ; 

 Daiynotut anomaltu), the Spiny-Pouched Hat. It haa the habits and 

 in of the size of a rat It is a native of the island of Trinidad. (See 

 Linn. Tram., vol. xi. p. 161, t 10.) 



HKTEROPODA (Lamarck), the fifth order of the Gasteropodous 

 Miilltuca according to Cuvier's arrangement They are dutinguixli. <1 

 from all other MoUutm by their foot, which, instead of forming a hori- 

 zontal dine, is compressed into a vertical muscular lamina, which ' ln-.v 

 use as a fin ; and on the edge of which, in several species, is a sucker 

 in the form of a hollow cone that represent* the disc of the other 

 orders. It embraces the genera Carinaria, Atlanta, and t'irola. 

 [ATLANTA ; CAHINAHIA.] 



II KTKUO'PORA, a genus of Polypiaria, proposed by De BUinville 

 to include species of the genus Ceriopora of Uoldfuss, which have 

 unequal cellules. From the Chalk of Maastricht (Manuel tf A cti- 

 noloyie.) 



1 1 1 TEROPTERA. [HnMiPTElu.1 

 HETEROPUS. [MACBOPODIDJS.J 

 HKTEROSITE. [Mxj(UNK8.] 



I! I'.IVHE'ltA, a genus of Plant* named in honour of John Henry 

 <!' Hcucher, professor of botany at Wittemberg, and the author of the 

 ' llrirtiiH Wittenbcrgensis.' This genus belongs to the natural order 

 Sofifragacea, and consi*ts of about sixteen species. It has a j 

 nent 5-cleft calyx with an imbricated tcativation ; uu<lm<l< d > .< .; li.il 

 unequal petal*; stamens; 2 styles, very long, distinct, the length 



