. 



1IALCYON1D.K. 



pO*Bt *. in Hal V*. 



., - . 



KmallT. in tbu 



*Wrt** and U famished with an 

 uenUy teonttaf; organ*. 



ll.MIl SALT. Tha 



II 



Rain of Malta. 



by. 



Ttw opened point, on 



NBtde*Vinte OelV.* tit* 



i when bttrodaoed into animal tiu. 



bain in CMe* **<* STOW, ud th. 

 all stinKing bun end in a little 

 j brittle; aod wily knocked 

 eatd against, exude, 

 of the hair, and will 

 Our 



MtUia arc th* Inet injurioua. Th* *tiwn) of the &NMMM 

 tan to, whiU the Praiee <rnutf ud f. rmtniata of the 

 btt ladtae nnoine* wovnd* in which pain U felt for week* and monthi 

 *IW >isithsi UMSB. The moet rtsMsjarniH of all ii the i'rlica urn- 

 .. of Worn*, emlled in Timor. Itaoon Satan, and by the English 

 lcrir. \~l The ww 

 .mriiByfaio.au, we. 

 STr-Jl. Cold we 



of thU plant gire pain for yean after, 



thto 



death from teUuus is 

 it would be the most 



la*. 



. l*a.soi 

 props* etnrttjr. This 



* the stri. la 



4,, , i *i ^ 



sf*s of growth th*** bain, alt of them, pones* an 

 of the sap. Some hain have their contents absorbed 

 so that the hair ia, as it WOT, absorbed Into H* own 

 ihlarlsaaawi takes place in the bain 

 th* globular cells ol 



or If a 



Also 



. whsahUtea look as 

 Issdbasas i IBM id. Mayan 



tf half had been cut through, 

 .y*n ba. publubed a work on 

 iea, bat will npay perusaL 

 bain, but in the caa 



wHh hain. ! ChKlriiAi they an composed of foor or fire oalla 

 attodk>4 ta a o>jlral eaU. whidi aarra w the point of atUchment to 



. whidi aarra w the point of atUchme 

 lanrgf the laaf D/atom. An organ 



of a 



This 



the bodia* Urn* naowd belong; to the vascular 

 eyataes. ef the alaatf, ad ooght rather to b* ngarded as asgmente o 

 IsW be/ that) a* In* baira, 



to IHIIIIMMI of the bairs of plant. b*iBg H rttaaslmi of cellular 

 tssam wUni I* Mtanfly thbi M*A, all bain an 

 HaojIHiH a- li< isAaaef wbiab woosly tjasae 

 m sWt that ad Rood. I 



I durable than those 



, - , . , ., __ - < of beufc or wood 



tTbsn the tew fcnx of BMtkar are aabmittad to mkroaaopkal examina 



*at th* former will usual! 



of native Sulphate of Magnesia i 



HAIR-TAIL. [TMC*HJM.] 



HAJE. a name of a yenomou. Serpent, CWafcr Haft of Lmmeu*. 



NM.] 



liAKK. [MntLDCICI.] 



HA1.< YnM|p. r ;a family of Birds belonging to the Fissirostral 

 Tribe, of the order /MeMoro, or Perching Bird*, aooordin k ' to H,. 

 system of Mr. Vigor*. {lK*nao*a.1 Thi* family include* the beautitul 

 birde known by the name of Kingfishers. 



In Willughby'. ' Ornithology,' edited by John Ray. the " Kingfiaher 

 - lp*U an v*t*rm Alcf**?' is placed at the head of " Land Bird, 

 that feed upon Fish." 



lUy, in his ' Synopsis,' give* the bird the same title and position ; 

 but the heading varies a little from that of Willughby ; for Ray make* 

 the Kingfisher the first of hi. " Ave* terreatres, aqua, frequentantos, 



i ^^ It 



U*. tWty. aUa. aad 



H (n*> the Hh*aU.J tabn of the UtUr, in which no 



tanalatad by LankavUr 



Brissoo arranged the Kingfishers (Martin-Picheurs) in company with 

 the Todiea, as the two genera forming the third section of his four- 

 eenth order, consisting of those bird, which have the middle of t.l..- 

 three anterior toes united to the external one up to the third joint, 

 and to the internal one up to the first. 



Lintucn. placed the Kingfishers under hi. order Pica, between Ttxlia 

 and Mtnpt, with the generic appellation of Alcttlo, and the following 

 definition : " Bill trigonal, thick, straight, and long. Tongue fleshy, 

 very short, flat, and acute. Feet gressorial in most. ' 



Latham's second order, Pica; is divided into three sections. The 

 third of these consist, of bird* with gressorial feet, and consists of 

 the Motmota, the Horrbills, the Kingfishers, the Todies, and the 

 Jee- Eaton. 



Laoepede'a thirteenth subdivision consist, of birds whose external 

 as are united almost throughout their length (Platypodes) : his 

 ventoenth order (which, with the sixteenth, eighteenth. 

 and twentieth, comes under this subdivision) consists of the genera 

 Alcfdo and tVyx. 



The tenth and last family of M. DumcVil's second order (Paasereaux) 

 eoo*&Maf \beTcnnirottrrt, or Lrptorl,<u*p>u*. It contains many genera, 

 the Kingfishers, the Todies, the Bee-Eaters, the Humining-Birds, the 

 Creepers, the Hoopoes, Ac. 



The fourth order in the method of M. Meyer comprise* the genera 

 3tfropt and Alcedo only. 



Illiger's Amb*lator<-i form his second order, the first division of 

 which, the sixth in relation to the consecutive numbers, is termed 

 Ayliroitra. This division comprehends the genera Alcedo and 

 Mrropt only. It is preceded by the Syndactyli, the last division of 

 bis first order, Scataora ; and the Syndoctyli consist but of one genus, 

 GaJbula. It is immediately succeeded by the Sutptnti ; and Trucliilut 

 is the only genus of this division. 



Cuvier's SymdoctyUt, the fifth division of his second order, Paa- 

 aereaux, comprise th* genera Mtropt, Prionittt (Motmots), Alcedo, 

 Ovr, Tutiut, and Buetrot. 



M. Vk'illot make* the SyMcola the aeoond order in his arrangement. 

 The second tribe of this order (Anitodactyli) is made up of numerous 

 families. The twenty-fourth consists of the Bee-Eaters and King- 

 fishers. It is immediately preceded by the Bpoptidet, and immediately 

 succeeded by the Anlriadtt (Rupicola), the twenty-sixth (Prionotet) 

 osisting of the Motmots and Calaa (Hornbills). 

 Th* Alcyons, the seventh order of M. Temminck, connint of the 

 Bee-Eaten, the Kingfisher. (Martin-Pocheurs), and the Kinghunters 

 (Hartin-Chaaaeun). 



In the method of M. Do Itlainville h's Scaiuom are divided into the 

 Heterodactylea, the Zygodactyles, and the Syndactyles. Alcedo (Linn.) 

 is the representative of the latter. In the method of the same 

 oologist, as developed by M. Lherminier, the Kingfishers (Martiu- 

 Pocbeun Alccdo, Linn.) are placed in the first or normal sub- 

 clans, and form the thirteenth family, coming between ticropi and 

 AMTM 



Mr. Vigors, in hi* paper ' On the Natural Affinities that Connect 

 the Orders and Families of Birds,' observes, that if the genus Todta 

 of authon be examined with reference to it* general affinities, an 

 intimate resemblance will be found between it and the succeeding 

 group of J/alcyoiiidtr ; since the only species known when he wrote 

 exhibits the exact representation of a Kingfisher, with the exception 

 of a shorter and more depressed bill. He is of opinion that we are 

 thus conducted to the Halcyon of Mr. Swainsun, a genus which he 

 think, extremely distinct and well-defined (regretting however and 

 with justice that the name bad not been retained for that group of 

 the family which includes the European Kingfisher, the bird known 

 to the ancient* under that name), and from that genus to the / 

 of Dr. Leach, until, in the more slender bill of Alcedo, is found on 

 conformity to the more delicately-shaped bills of the 



succeeding family of Meropida. In the group of llalri/oniilir he place* 

 th* Oalbuta of Briaaon, which, though distinguished from the groups 

 of which Mr. Vigors is treating by it* xygodactyle feet, and as sucli 

 arranged by modern writers among the true Xcamorn, was, Mr. Vigors 

 observe* in continuation, originally included in the genus Alcedo by 

 that great master of natural affinities, LinnKUd, on account of the 

 identity of the general structure and economy of both groups. Here 



