HOMOLONOTUS. 



HORDEUM. 



122 



with long hairs at its lower border. The external jaw-feet are pedi- 

 fonn ; their third joint has no noticeable dilatation, and the three 

 succeeding joints are very stout. The sternum is large, and the last 

 thoracic ring is not soldered to the preceding. The first pair of feet 

 are very large, very wide, aud extremely depressed ; the carpus is as 

 large as the arm, and nearly quadrilateral ; the claw is stout, short, 

 and nearly horizontal. The three succeeding pairs are short, stout, 

 and terminated by a nearly conical joint ; the fifth pair are very 

 slender, and bent back above the others m the branchial cavity. The 

 abdomen is very wide but lamellar, bent back below the sternum, as 

 in the Parcel/ante, and presents uo vestiges of appendages belonging 

 to the penultimate ring. 



M. Milne-Edwards says that he knows nothing of the manners of 

 these small crustaceans, of which only one species is known, namely, 

 Lomii hirta (Porccllana kirta of Lamarck). The above only is covered 

 by very short and close-set hairs, and the hands are nearly as large 

 as the carapace. 



It is supposed to inhabit the seas of Australasia. 

 HOMOLOXOTUS, the name of a group of Trilobilei, as they are 

 generally called (Palaaderna, Dalmau) ; in which the tripartite 

 character of the dorsal crust is almost lost ; for which reason Mr. 

 Miller called it Monolobite. If. Knigltiii occurs in the Upper Silurian 

 Rocks of England, and a similar species at the Cape of Good Hope. 

 [TRILOEITES.] 



HOMO'PTERA, one of the sections into which the class Iruecta 

 is divided. According to Leach, Stephens, and some other authors, 

 the section Homoptera is regarded as an order ; but in Latreille's 

 arrangement it forms the second of the two great sections into which 

 the order Hemiptera, is divided. The insects i>f this group are thus 

 characterised by Latreille : Rostrum arising from the lowest part of 

 the head near the chest ; the elytra, almost always tectiform, are of 

 the same consistence throughout, semi-membranous, and sometimes 

 resembling the wings ; the three segments of the thorax are blended, 

 and the first is often shorter than the following. 



In the typical Homoptera the head is large, broader than long ; the 

 eyes are large, and there are ocelli, or simple eyes, between them ; the 

 antenna; aro minute, composed of but few joints, and terminated by 

 a seta ; the rostrum is a slender jointed process, which, like that of 

 the Hemiptera, lies close to the chest ; the legs are of moderate size ; 

 the hinder tibia: are usually spined ; the body is convex above and 

 flattish beneath ; the wings are semi-membranous, the anterior pair 

 often opaque, sometimes transparent, and always of a uniform texture 

 throughout The larvae are active, and resemble the perfect insect, 

 excepting that they possess no wings ; the pupa; are also active, but 

 possess rudimentary wings. 



These insects feed upon vegetable juices. The females are furnished 

 with an ovipositor, composed of three denticulated blade-like pro- 

 ceases, which are lodged in a groove in the abdomen. By means of 

 this ovipositor they pierce holes in vegetables, in which they deposit 

 their eggs. Many Homopterous Insects possess the power of leaping 

 by means of their posterior pair of legs. 



The section or order Jlomoptera may be divided into the following 

 families, most of which are analogous to Liuuiuan genera, or 

 nearly so : 



Family 1. Ocadiidit (Leach) comprises those species in which the 

 antenna; are 6-joiuted, where there are three ocelli on the upper 

 surface of the head, aud where the tarsi are 3-jointed. 



In these insects the wings are usually transparent, and have dark 

 nervures ; the males are furnished with an apparatus, situated at the 

 base of the abdomen on each side, by means of which they create a 

 monotonous musical sound. They are usually of large size (some 

 measuring as much as 7 inches in width when the wings are expanded) 

 and for the most part inhabit hot countries. But one species is founc 

 in England, the Cicada hecmatode of authors, an insect aboul 

 2 inches in width, with transparent wings having black nervures, anc 

 their basal portion red ; the anterior margin of the fore wing is also 

 red ; the body in black, but with the margin of each segment red 

 tliu legs are nwl, varied with black. This, which is the larges' 

 Homopterous Insect found in England, is not uncommonly met with 

 in the New Forest, in Hampshire. 



Family 2. Pulgoridac (Stephens). Antenna) 3-jointed, insertut 

 beneath the eyes; ocelli two in number; tarsi 3-jointed. 



The insects of this family have generally the fore part of the heat 

 produced, and varying in form according to the species. The; 

 do not possess the power of creating a sound, nor do those of th< 

 following families. [r'cuiORA.] 



The above two families constitute the section Cicadarlts of thi 

 ' Rogue Animal.' The Pulywia luternaria (Linn.) will serve as an 

 illii-tration of the second. This curious insect is an inhabitant of 

 Brazil. It is about 5 inches wide, and 2i inches long, of a yellowish 

 colour mottled with black, aud having a large ocellated spot on each 

 of the under wings. 



ily 3. Cercopidct (Leach).- The antenna) 3-jointed ; tarsus 

 .'i jointed; ocelli two iu number ; antenna; situated between the eyes. 

 [ClCADZLLA.] 



Family 4. Ptyllida (Stephens). Antenna) with 10 or 11 joints, of 

 which the last is terminated by two seta; ; legs formed for leaping ; 

 Uriti 2-jointtd ; both sexes wingo 1. 



Family 5. Thripidce (Stephens). Antenna) 8-jointed ; rostrum 

 minute ; tarsi terminated by a vesicular joint, and without claws. 



Family 6. Aphidce (Le;ieh). Tarsi 2-jointed ; autenua) with seven 

 oints ; rostrum, in both sexes, with three distinct joints ; females 

 generally apterous. [APHIS.] 



Family 7. Coccid(e (Leach), Gall'insecta, (Latreille). Tarsus with 

 >ut one joint and one claw; the male sex destitute of rostrum, and 

 >ossessing but two wings ; the female apterous, and furnished with a 

 ostrum; antenna) generally 11 -jointed. 



laternaria, half the natural size. 



HOMOPUS. [CHELOSIA.] 



HONEY, HONEYCOMB. [BEE.] 



HONEY-P.UZZARD. [FALCONID.K.] 



HONEY-GUIDE. [INDICATORIN^:.] 



HONEY-LOCUST. [GLEDITSCHIA.] 



HONEY-STONE. [MELLITE.] 



HONEY-SUCKER. [NECTARINID.E.] 



HONEYSUCKLE. [CAPHIPOLIACE* ; LONICERA.] 



HONEYSUCKLE, FRENCH. [HEDVSAKI M.] 



HONEY-WARE, a natne given to Ataria esculenta, known in 

 Scotland as Badderlocks. 



HONKENEJA, a genus of Plants belonging to the natural order 

 Caryophyllacete, and the sub-order Alsineie. It has 5 sepals, 5 large 

 petals, 10 stamens alternating with glands, 3 styles and valves, and 

 very few large seeds. 



H. peploides is a British species found on sandy sea-coasts. It has 

 ovate-acute sessile leaves, fleshy, glabrous, and 1-nerved ; the petals 

 obovate ; sepals ovate-obtuse, 1-nerved, shorter than the petals ; the 

 stems are dichotomous, procumbent, rhizomatous ; the flowers 

 proceed from the forks of the stem frequently dicecious ; capsules 

 large, globose ; seeds few, and large. 



HOOD-CAP. [PHOCID.E.] 



HOODED-CROW. [COHVID^:.] 



HOOPER. [CYUNIN&] 



HOOPOE. [PHOMEBOWD.E.] 



HOP. [HUMULDS.] 



HOPEITE. [Zinc.] 



HO'RDEUM, the genus of Plants to which the corn called Barley 

 belongs. It H distinguished from Ti'iticitm, or the Wheat genus, by 

 its spikelets having only oue perfect floret in each, aud by its glumes 

 being somewhat unilateral aud bearded ; Rye, or Secale, dinars in 

 having two perfect florets to each spikelet, and in the same additional 

 circumstances as Triticum. As many as 15 species of Jfordeuin are 

 distinguished by Professor Kunth, the latest writer upon the nubject ; 

 in addition to which there are many varieties. The species are found 

 wild in various places in both the Old and New World : as many as 

 eight inhabit America. In the application of their botanical names to 

 the cultivated barleys there is some confusion, one writer distinguish- 

 ing four species, another six, and some a greater number. It does not 

 appear possible to determine, upon existing evidence, which of these 

 opinions is most correct ; the probability however seems to be that 

 there are not more than four, or at the utmost six species, which may 

 be readily distinguished by attention to the following circumstances : 

 The 1-flowered spikelets of Barley grow in threes, on opposite sides 

 of the ear. If all the spikelets are perfect, the grains of com are 

 therefore necessarily arranged in six lines or rows ; these rows may be 

 very distinctly arranged, as in //. krxustichum, or they may be disposed 

 in an irregular manner, as in H. sE'jiceras. But if the lateral spike- 

 lets of each parcel are imperfect all along the ear, the njiddlu spikelet 

 alone producing a grain of com, the grains in that case will be in two 

 rows only, as iu II. dittichum ami II. Zeocriton. Of these two distinct 

 forms there are some in which the grain adheres to the palea;, or husk, 

 as in Common Barley, and others iu which the grain is free from the 

 husk, as in Naked Barley. It is generally supposed that barleys of the 

 second kind are mere varieties of those of the first kind ; but there is 

 no proof of the correctness of the opinion, and probability is against 

 it. These characters and a few others being attended to, cultivated 

 barleys may be arranged under the following heads : 



