OOBOLITK. 



ntmopTBRA. 



w^*ad f-.ibU.bt doe* aotmrft; with <vbontteor.xl. 

 .Wry la*> a traneprat rW. of alifhtly yellow colour, wluch on 



- - ' 



It b toad at Btaaetead. In Low Canada, and appear* to form 

 veia abort two iache* wide. The following b an analv.i* by I>r. 



Magorei. . 

 Peroxide of Iron 

 VTaler . 



. . 7500 



. 17-86 



. . 8-SS 

 . 1-50 

 0-40 



. -ao 



99-80 



KKCBOTTERA (from rnff, a nerve, and vrt^eV, a wing), one of 

 tfc, order* iato which the daw /*** i* divided. The insecte com- 

 posing thai order may be distinguished by the following character* : 

 ril,-" foor in numbr, membranous, generally naked, and more or 

 las* transparent, bat sometime* hairy; the mouth U usually fitted 

 for aiaHn*tina. or fnmiehed with mandible* and maxill* ; the larva: 

 are provided with six leg*, and are active ; their meUmorphceia i* 

 variabV, hot 1* oaoallv armi complete. The character which gave 

 riae to the mmi. aamry the minute reticulation of the net-cure* of 

 the wia*. will *l*o hi moat instancee serve to distinguish the bisect* 

 of the preeeat order from other*. The May-Fly and Dragon-Fly afford 



divided by Latreille into three aections, to 

 SaAWtfoma, Plm*ipen*a, and Plieipenuet. 

 the Dragon Flies (JUMMo, I.inn.) and the 



^The Urvai of theee inaecte are carnivorous, and live in 

 reopiriag by mean* of appendage* aituated on the aidea or 



ettmshy' of the body ; the pup* aU lire in the water, bat leave 

 that rlrmet to undergo the final transformation. In the perfect 

 jaunt the wiap are alwaye reticulated, and when at reet are, in acme 

 aoecie* boruwatel, in other* vertical ; the compound eye* are Tery 

 and nroniaeat ; and the ocelli, or simple eye*, are two or three 

 number ; the mMiHtila* MM! maxilbc are covered by the labnim 

 the a&toBM* are abort, aleodcr, and subulate. 



The Dragon FU (UMMid*) hare the four wing* of equal length, 

 the Uni three-jointed, the antennae very amall and reaembling minute 

 bnaUea, the eye* extremely huge, and generally approximated above ; 

 the fere part of the head, or what might be termed the face, ha* an 

 at*, the leg* are rather email, and the abdomen U 



elongated, MMteei cylindrical, and eometime* depreseed, and termi- 

 ated by braeloa* appeodagea. The larm and pupa:, both of 

 which are actire, nearly rwembU the perfect ineect in general form, 



ead are ncaeraabk for the gr 



t of the labul apparatua, 



which U elongated and dilated at the extremity, and coven the fore 

 part of the head like meak. 



The JUeoVohttre divided into three genera oy Fabriciua. Those 

 pecisa which have the wing, extended horuwntelly when at reat, the 

 head almost globular, the eyes very large aad meeting on the vertex, 

 aa elevation hi front and doe* to the eve*, and the abdomen deprneed, 



I by that author. 



fen. the 

 The 



.,.-: 



ae MMd (erne (.f.e. Fab.) i* ohiefly dietinguUbed by the 

 Meal fan* ef the abdomen and ite creator proportionate length. 

 wia* are *e w LAMmU, aad the head i* of the aame globular 



(JeWee,Fab.)thewiii r wh 1 atrertareel*Tale,l 



l.tWlhW 



ara*a*1l.lnity ; the head I* Uauvr*e, aad the eye* are widely *epa- 

 rated. Exaeapleeof each of thea* genera are found in thi* country. 

 The eeeend division of the fcea/tonK*. or the familv K^rmtnda. 



k ta the 

 The 



r abaant ; the bdoaaa U terminated by two or three long and 

 r form the fan* Efktmm, according to 



oa account of their abort term of life, that 



. . , , 



Vt'.'v*. or May fits*. Latreille late*, tuually appear at 

 In tae lali.Thiianiaiir end autumn, on the bank* of rivm, 



enrtaoi of the ground ie completely covered with 

 la certain distrieU on the conUaaot they have beta collect 



In the air, aad fly 

 and deMendior, and 



mrnvwrnvrrj mmm^mmi mfftmntf**. tm* naaae* 1 sre ililini;iii>li'l from 

 the fieaslii by the Attmm being ftimhtlil with two articulated 

 hooka nt the ntm>Hy. and pparmtiy the anterior leg* and the 



Tha-n **eae eeBeet I if>h ar la peat anaib 

 U*e a vvry henaMU *f*Mrane*. The male* 



I Kd f sWk*an\ iaaal li As^n> aMMnnnhnieB t^aaWnaV if BWarlaaVaii 



ninalUa 



ate of the abdomen are larger in thi* MX ; the eye* are 



alao larger. In eome there are four compound eye*, two of which are 

 elevated and larger than the other*. 



The female inaect deposit* her egg* in the water, and the*a aro 

 collected together in a maat, after which it die*, the duration of life 

 n the perfect atete being very abort in both aexea. When however we 

 .race them through the transformations, we find their existence is in 

 reality a long one, for in the larva and pupa state some of them exist 

 'or two or three yean. During thi* time they are generally hidden, 

 at least in the day-time, in the mud or under stone* ; sometimes in 

 lorizontal hole* in the banks of riven." 



The species of PUutipauu* have the antenna: composed of numerous 

 joint*, always larger than the head ; the mandible* are well developed, 

 uid the posterior wing* are nearly equal in size to the superior ; they 

 are either naturally extended or have the anterior {>ortion simply 

 folded beneath : the reticulations of the wings are very distinct, and 

 they are naked; the maxillary palpi are usually filiform, or (lightly 

 thickened at the apex, shorter than the head, and 4-joiuted. 



This section i* divided into four families : 



1st The Ptaiorpidtr, the species of which are distinguished by all 

 the tarsi being 5-jointed, and the anterior portion of the head drawn 

 out in the form of a snout or probocis. 



It consute chiefly of the Linntcan genus Panorpa, which is now 

 divided into the following genera : Nemoptera, Latreille ; liitlacvt, 

 Lat. ; Panorpa proper, and Jiortut, Lat. 



The Panorpa rommuxu of Linnoma U a common insect in hedges 

 and in wood*. It i* about three-quarter* of an inch in length, black ; 

 the snout and apical portion of the abdomen red ; the elytra are 

 irregularly (potted with black. 



Of the genus liorttu wo also have an example in this country ; the 

 B. tiynnalu, a amall insect, which is found usually in moss, and during 

 the winter season. 



2nd. The Mymuleonida. In this family the antenna; are more or 

 leas suddenly incrmasated at the apex ; the head U transverse, and the 

 eye* project considerably ; there are six palpi, of which the labial are 

 usually the longest, and thickened at the apex ; the first segment of 

 the thorax i* imall ; the anterior and posterior wings are equal, elon- 

 gated, and when closed meet at an angle like the roof of a house; the 

 abdomen is usually elongated, and furnished at the apex in the male 

 sex with two appendages ; the legs are short These insects are found 

 in the warmer portions both of the Old and New World : they form 

 two genera according to Fabricius, Myrmctton and Aicalaphut. The 

 curious habit* of the larva of the Myrmtlton Paraticarium, a European 

 insect, though not found in thi* country, have often attracted the 

 attention of the naturalist This insect is of a grayish colour, and 

 short and broad form ; the head is small, and furnished with a large 

 pair of sharply-pointed mandibles, which serve both to seize it< prey 

 and to extract the juice* upon which it lives. [MrnuELEON.] 



The third family consist* of the Jlcmtrobiitbr, which are chiefly dis- 

 tinguished from the hut group by their filiform antenna; ; they moreover 

 differ in having only four palpi. In some (the genus HemcrMut) the 

 wing* when cloeed meet at an angle, aa in the MyrmeleonH, whilst in 

 othen (Sembla) they are horizontal. 



JfcmerMtu perla i* common in our gardens, and is often seen flying 

 about the lilacs, especially towards the evening. It is rather more than 

 half an inch in length, of a green colour, and has transparent wings 

 with numerous green nervures; it* eye* resemble small globes of gold ; 

 when touched it emits a very disagreeable odour. 



To the fourth family Latreille applies the name Tcnniiina ; it 

 include* thoea Neuropterou* Insects which have a semi-complete 

 metamorphosis ; they are terrestrial and active, and aro either carai- 

 voroua or gnawen in all their state*. 



The Maniuptr, which Latreille place* in thia division, differ much 

 from other insect* of the order in having large anterior legs formed 

 like thoee of the Manlida ; their terai have never more than four 

 joint* ; the mandible* are strong, and the winga have no folds; the 

 inferior pair are either smaller or equal to the superior wings in size. 



Beside* the genu* Mmtiipa this family include* Jtaphitlia, Termei, 

 and Pioetu. 



The last family of the Pla*i t >ena is the Ptrlulv, in which the tarsi 

 are 3-jointed, and the mandibles almont always small and partly . 

 membranous ; the inferior wings are wider than the others, and are 

 folded when not in use. This family contains the genera Perla and 

 JVViietora. The larvm of the Perla live in the water, and inhabit 

 aheatha which they construct by joining together various substances 

 by mean* of a silken web which they spin. 



The inaocte belonging to the third section, the Plicipenntt, are well- 

 known to angler* by the name of Caddb-Fly, and in tin- larva; state 

 they are called Caddis-Worm, or Cadew-Worra. They constitute the 

 genus I'krminia of De Oer, and have been raised to the rank of an 

 order by Mean*. Kirby and Spence and Dr. Leach, being the order 



their ayatem*. 



The Pkiyynnia, or Caddie-Flies, are distinguished from other 

 NeurnpteroualnaeotebytheabMsnce of mamliMcsand in the structure 

 of their mouth ; in fact they evince an approach to the Lepidopterous 

 Inaecte M well aa in some other characters; the winga are semi- 

 transparent, and when clo*ed meet at an angle, like the roof of a 

 house; they are usually hairy, hence the name Trichopttra ; the 



