f*l 



PHA81ANUS. 



PHILADKM'lirs. 



Ml 



from youth to maturity (and this is well illustrated in Mr. Gould's 

 iMtsfld plate*), an such as to have caused an apparently erroneous 



Lull ii-1LntIjLt nf MU*CM 



... 



':Z^5jr- 





Thtfoftin Hailing, ii, female. 



T. Sa/jmu, according to the Mme author, u an exclusive inhabitant 

 of the colder region* of the mountain!, in conjunction with the Lopho 

 pkona, iU approximate relative, feeding on graini and roots, the larvn> 

 of ants, and other insect*. [PAVO.NID*.] 



PHASIANUS. [PHASIAKID*.] 



PHASMID/K, a tribe of Ortbopterous Insects, embracing a number 

 of exotio form* which hare been often included in the Mantida, from 

 which they an diiUnguiahed by the fore-leg* being of the ordinary 

 ate, and fitted like the reai for walking rather than running. Vmii, 

 the other OrtMoptcra they are distinguished by the hind legs not being 

 saltatorial 



The body U generally long and alender. The head is of moderate 

 to. of an oral lubdepreaaed form, porreeted, with large globular eyes, 

 la front of which the antenna are placed, which are variable in form, 

 bat ordinarily long, deader, and composed of a great number of 

 articulation*. The ocelli are rudimentary or obsolete. The Iain-urn 

 U deeply notched in front; the jaw* are strong and horny. The 

 donal surface in both atxes consists of nine segment*, but only seven 

 are distinct in the females. All the leg* are alike, being long and 

 <r, often armed with abort spurs along the edges. The fore 

 are of small nie, and attached at the posterior part of the 

 borax. The tnie wings are very large and attached to the 

 anterior part of the metathorax. " As they far exceed the wing-covers 

 to tar, it is sassatlal that provision should be made for their defence. 

 This is effected not as in the earwig, by the tram verse folding of the 



wing so as to enable it to be folded beneath the small wing-cover, 

 but by the front margin of the hind wing being greatly thickened, 

 serving as a flat plate, beneath which the other part of the wing is 

 folded longitudinally, the latter part being often differently coloured. 

 Thus in some species the short wing-covers and the front margin of 

 the wing are pale-green, whilst the other part of the wing is pink. 

 Many species however remain throughout their lives without ever 

 acquiring wing* or wing-covers." (Westwood, ' History of Insects.') 



The odd appearance of these insects have got for them the name of 

 Walking-Sticks, Straws, Leaves, Spectres, Ac., and certainly nothing 

 can be imagined more curious than the forms they assume. In many 

 instances they might be mistaken for a portion of the branch of the 

 trees on which they rest. 



PHEASANT. [PHASIASIDJE.] 



PHEASANT'S-EYE. [ADONIS.] 



PHENAKITE, a Mineral, occurring crystallised. Primary form a 

 rhomboid. Cleavage parallel to the primary faces. Colourless ; also 

 bright wine-yellow, inclining to red. Hardness above C'O. Lustre 

 vitreous. Transparent to opaque. Specific gravity 2'969. It is found 

 near Freiberg and near Framont. Its analysts by Hartwall gives 

 Silica ........ 55-14 



Glucina ....... 44-47 



Alumina and Magnesia ..... 0'39 



- 100 



PHE'NE. [Vin-TOBro^.] 



PHERU'SA, a genus of Onutaeta belonging to the order Edrioph- 

 thalmia. 



PHIBALU'RA (Vieillot), n genus of Anptlida! (Fruit-Eaters or 

 Chatterers), placed both by Mr. Swainson and Mr. G. If. Gray in the 

 sub-family of Eombycillinir, the Swallow-Chatterers of the former 

 zoologist The genera included by both in the sub-family are the 

 samo ; Mr. Swainson' s genera being Phibalura, BombycUla [BoMBT- 

 CILLA], and Procnitu, and those of Mr. Gray Phibalura, Bombyciiia, 

 and Term, Vieillot, the latter being the Procnicu of llliger and others. 



It is a native of South America. A beautiful figure accompanies 

 Mr. Swainson's description in the ' Zoological Illustrations,' first 



PHILADELPHA'CEyK, Syringat, a natural order of Exogenous 

 Polypetalous Plants, witli an inferior ovary, the principal genus being 

 that after which the order is named. [PHILJLDELPHOS.] The species 

 are American, European, and Asiatic shrubs of temperate climates, 

 with opposite leaves, distinct styles, and capsular fruit, containing a 

 large number of minute seeds. Their nearest affinity is, on the one 

 hand, with Myrtacea:, from which they differ in having separate styles, 

 dotless leaves, and albuminous seeds, and on the other with Sajtir 

 fragacett, from which their strictly inferior fruit, opposite leaves, 

 and parallel styles sufficiently distinguish them. Many of the species, 

 especially in the genus Deulzia, are clothed with beautiful stellate 

 hairs, which are composed of silica. They form excellent opaque 

 objects for examination with the microscope. [DECTZIA.] The only 

 other genus in this order is Decumaria. 



Deutiia uahra. 



1, verticil lection of * flower deprived or petal* ; 2, a transverse tection of 

 the ovary ; 3, one of the stellate h*lrn. 



PHILADELPHUS, a genus of PlanU the type of the natural order 

 Philadrlphacerr, which i* also the name of a tree, now unknown, 

 mentioned by Athentous, but was applied to the present genus by 

 ilauhin. Pkiladelphiu is characterised by having a calyx with an 

 obovato-turbinate tube and a 4-5-partite limb. Petals vary in number 



