411 



PORTUNID^E. 



PORTUNID^E. 



442 



aa. Front armed with three or five teeth. 



aa*. Carapace wrinkled, unequal, rather granuloua, and covered 

 with hair. 



P. plicatus (Cancev- Depuralor, var. Penn. ; Portunus Depuralor, 

 Leach ; Portunus liridus (var. ?), Leach, ' Malac.'). Length about 

 18 lines. Colour reddish. Found on the coasts of England and France. 

 aa**. Carapace nearly united, and without hairs. 



P. marmoreus (Cancer Depurator, Pennant). Found on the coasts 

 of England and France. The last ioint of the posterior feet in this 

 species terminates in a point. 



3. Species having the front entire or divided only into rounded 

 fcbes. 



6. Latero-anterior borders of the carapace armed with five teeth. 

 b*. Front divided into three lobes, of which the median lobe is 

 more advanced than the lateral lobes. 



P. corrugatus (Cancer corruyatus, Penn.; Portunus puber, Blainv.). 

 Length about two inches. Colour reddish. Found on the coasts of 

 England and France ; very common in the Mediterranean. 



6**. Front entire, or divided only into two symmetrical lobes. 

 64. Latero-anterior borders of the carapace armed with four teeth 

 only. 



P. integrifrom (Cancer Navigator (1), Herbst.). Carapace pubescent. 

 I,' th about two inches. It is a native of the Indian Ocean. 



Lupea (Leach). The greater part of the Lupca! are remarkable for 

 the flatness and great transversal extent of their carapace, the diameter 

 of which in that direction is more than double its length. Front 

 nearly always narrow, and much less projecting than the lower border 

 or external angle of the orbit ; the latero-anterior border of the cara- 

 pace very long, forming generally, with the anterior border, a very 

 regular and open segment of a circle, and each of them armed with 

 nine teeth, more or less projecting and spiniform ; of these spines the 

 last is in general much greater than all the others, and is directed 

 straight outwards, though sometimes it does not differ from that 

 which precedes it. Orbits oval, and directed obliquely forwards and 

 upwards; their lower wall does not reach to the front, and there is, 

 at the internal canthus, a large notch, which the basilary joint of the 

 external antenna fills ; at the upper border of these cavities are two 

 >. The fosse Is which lodge the internal antenna? are not deep, 

 ami hardly covered by the front ; the vertical lamina which separates 

 them is armed with a spiniform point, which is often prolonged 

 beyond the anterior border of the carapace. Externally, these cavities 

 are completely separated from the orbits, and the stem of the antenna;, 

 which are there inserted, ig sufficiently short to be bent back there 

 entirely. The basilary joint of the external antennae is soldered to 

 the inferior border of the superior and external angle of the fron^; 

 it is not wide, and gives insertion, by the extremity of its internal 

 border, to the moreable stem formed by the succeeding jointf, so 

 that thn stem, the length of which is considerable, would seem to 

 ppriiig from the internal canthus of the eye, and nothing prevents its 

 being bent backward outwards to conceal itself in the orbital cavity. 

 The epintome is extremely narrow, and the buccal frame is very nearly 

 square, but in general wider forwards than it is behind. The third 

 joint of the external jaw-feet is ra'her abruptly truncated forwards 

 and inwards. 



Lupea. 



The Lupea are Pelagic Crustaceans, living in the ocean, where they 

 have been seen by many voyagers, and where they have no other 

 apparent place of repose than the floating /'act. Their swimming 



powers are great, and Bosc remarked that they have the faculty of 

 sustaining themselves at the surface of the water, in a state of repose, 

 without the execution of any visible movement. 



This genus is divided by M. Milne-Edwards, who gives the above 

 summary of their habits, into the three following groups : 



AA. Species with the body very thick and convex above ; first pair 

 of feet stout, and not much elongated ; the hand considerably 

 shorter than the carapace. 



Convex Lupe<e. 



L. Tranquebarica (Cancer olivaceus, Herbst ; Cancer serratns (?) Korsk. ; 

 Portunus terratua, Rtipp. ; Portunus Tranquebaiicus, Fabr.) This, the 

 largest Portunian known, is six or eight inches in length, of a grayish 

 green, and inhabits the seas of Asia. 



A. Species having the body very much compressed ; the first pair 

 of feet stout, and but little elongated ; the hand remarkably 

 shorter than the carapace. Tarsi of the second, third, and 

 fourth pairs flattened, lamellar, and nearly lanceolate. 



Swimming Lupe<t. (Second sub-genus.) 

 * Species having the last lateral spine at least twice as large as the 



preceding, and the front projecting but little. 

 a. Median teeth of the front projecting but little, and sometimes 



hardly visible. 



a*. Upper border of the orbit armed with a spine. 

 L. pelayica (Cancer pelagicits, Linn.; Cancer rcticulatus and Cancer 

 Cedo NuUl, Herbst ; Portunus pelagicus, Fabr.) Length from three 

 to four inches. Colour grayish-green with yellow spots. Found iu 

 the Red Sea and the whole Indian Ocean. 



Lupca 



a**. Upper border of the orbit without any spiniform prolongation. 



L. lanyuinolenta (Cancer aanyuinolentus, Herbst; Cancer pelagicus, 

 var. and Portunut sanyuinolentus, Fabr.). Length about two inches. 

 Carapace with three large bright red spots on the back part of the 

 carapace. Found in the Indian Ocean. 



a***. Median teeth of the front small, but projecting. 

 L. crilraria (Portunus cribrarius, Lam.). Length three inches'. 

 Colour yellow, with numerous whitish spots. It is a native of the 

 coasts of Brazil. 



B. Species having the last spine of the latero anterior border of the 



carapace scarcely longer than the others. 

 b. External border of the arm without spines. 

 L. ipinimana (Porlunus pelagicua and Porlunus spinimanus, Latr.). 

 Length from three to four inches. Found on the coasts of Brazil. 



bl. External border of the arms spined. 

 L. lobifroni. Length one inch. It is a native of the East Indies. 



C. Tarsi of the second, third, and fouith pair of feet narrow and 



styliform. 



Walking Lupea!. (Third sub-genus ) 

 a. Species having the last tooth of the latero-anterior border of the 



carapace resembling the others. 



a. Teeth of the latero-anterior borders alternately large and .-null. 

 L. rubra (Ciri apoa, Marc. ; Portunus ruler, Lam.). Length about 

 two inches. General colour reddish ; extremity of the claws llnck. 

 Found on the coasts of Brazil. 



a*. Teeth of the latero-anterior borders of the carapace resembling 



each other. 

 L. yrainitata. Length about an inch. Found iu the Mauritius. 



