PYCNODUS. 



PYLORIDIA. 



SOt 



U oomtdfed by Eudlicher u more nearly allied to 

 the A*titlr*mnr. 



I- V r.NOI U S, * genii* of Kos.il Kishes. | FISH ] 



I Yrsul'HYi'fS. [Fi-t-ACU.] 



PY'QATHKtX. U. Oeofl>oy' name for tha Done, or Cochin-China 

 Monkey (Ltuyopyga, llligen. It has the following characters: 

 Head rounded ; muzzle moderately prolonged ; tail long ; cheek 

 poocbee ; band* longer than the fore arms and the lags; anterior 

 thumb* very short and ilrnder; no callosities; buttock* fringed 

 with long bain. 



I>ental ronnul:-Incion, 1; Canine*, l ; Molar*, ^ = 

 4 1 1 5 o 



32. 



P. \rmcnu, Geoff (Latiopyya ffemtrta, 111. ; Simia A'etunui, Linn., 

 Manf ). 



Thi* very rare monkey U perhaps the most remarkable of the 

 whole tribe for the variety and liveliness of the colour* with which 

 it in marked, and which are the more striking from being distributed 

 in Urgemaawa, 



The upper part of the head i* brown with a dark-reddish chestnut 

 frontal band. The cheek* are clothed with very long and whitish or 

 yellowish-white hair*. The back, the belly, the arms, and the sides 

 are gray with a somewhat greenish cast ; the tail is whitish, aud so 

 are the rump and the fore arm* ; the anterior finger* are blackish ; 

 the hip* and thigh* are blackish, and the leg* of a brightish-red 

 chestnut ; the more exposed parts of the face are of a reddish tint 

 Length rather more than 2 feet when erect ; length of tail about 

 1 foot 7 inches. 



It is a native of Cochin China. 





- 



Cochin-china Monkey (FyfiHrit Xna.tut). 



rvuODA'CTYLUS. [SCIXCOIDKA.] 



TY'UOPODKS, Illiger'* name for those Natatorial Birds whose 

 wings are well-developed, and who;e feet are placed very far back so 

 a* to facilitate their diving, a* Colymliiu, i'ria. Alca, 4c, 



PY'OOPUH. [ScmcoiDEA.] 



PYLOKI'DIA, Ptforidm, M. De BUinrille'i name for his niuth 

 family of Lamellitiraarhiata, which he thus characterises : Body com- 

 pressed, more and more cylindrical, the mantle more and more closed 

 and prolonged backward* by t*o long tube* which are ordinarily 

 distinct, with an anterior au<l inferior aperture for the paawge of a 

 very small and ordinarily conical foot; branchite narrow, free, and 

 prolonged in the tube. .Shell regular, rarely irregular, nearly always 

 equivalve, gaping at the two extremities ; hinge incomplete, the teeth 

 gradu lly vanishing (Veflacaut peu en peu ); ligament internal or 



external; two distinct muscular impressions, united by a pallia! 

 impression which is very flexuous backwards. 



M. lie Blainville remarks that all the animals of this family lire 

 inclosed in the mud, the sand, or calcareous stone, tilmost without 

 ever changing their place, alwaya in a vertical position, the mouth 

 below and the anus above. All their shells, he observes (ordinarily 

 white, and covered with an epidermis), hardly ever exhibit any striic 

 from the umbo to the base, but only lines of growth (stries d'accrouse- 

 ment). 



Section 1. (Ligament internal) 



Pandora. Animal oval, compressed, rather elongated, with tho 

 mantle in form of a case, terminating backward* by two tube* united 

 at their base only, and rather short, opening anteriorly fur the 

 passage of the foot, which ia large, triangular, thick, and swollen at 

 its extremity ; branching large, free backwards, where the two pairs 

 are united and terminate in a point in the siphon ; labial appendages 

 rather large, triangular, and not striated. Shell delicate, regular, 

 elongated, compressed, inequivalve, inequilateral, having the right 

 valve flattened and the left more or less convex ; umbone* but little 

 distinct ; hinge composed of a cardinal tooth in the right valve, corre- 

 sponding with a cavity in the left; ligament internal, oblique, tri- 

 angular, inserted in a little pit with rather projecting edge* ; muscular 

 impressions rounded, that of the mantle but little apparent and 

 forming a small excavation. (Hang.) 



The Pandora; live sunk in the sand so deep that it requires some 

 difficulty to get them out. They have been found at depths varying 

 from the surface to 10 fathoms. 



Species are recorded from Norway, the European seas, including 

 the Mediterranean, the Pacific, the coasts of Georgia and Florid* in 

 North America, and New Zealand. Woodward enumerates 13 recent 

 and 6 fossil species. 



P. rottrata ha* the shell with the anterior side produced, attenuated, 

 rostrated, and angulated in each valve. Dr. Carpenter says of its 

 microscopic structure that the outer layer of regular, vertical, and 

 prismatic cells are 250 times smaller than those of Pinna. 



It is found on the coasts of England and France, and the Mediter- 

 ranean. 



Shell of Fjiidora roitrata. 



a, Interior of deep valve ; I', interior of flat valve ; c, valves closed. 

 I 



" 



foot ; 

 tubes. 



Soft parts of Pandora roitrata. 



a, a, a, r. Mantle, opened anteriorly to show the issue of the foot ; f, 

 t, rectum ; r, liver covered by the ovary ; m, adductor muscles ; 



P. ollata is a more abundant British species. 



Aiiatina. Animal oblong, rather thick, having the mantle closed 

 by n rather large membranous lamina with a small rounded aperture 

 at the autero-inferior part .for the passage of a linguiform foot ; two 

 elongated tubes separated deeply at their extremity, the lower being 

 rather greater than the vipper ; branchitc narrow, free, and pointed 

 backwards. Shvll delicate, sometimes tnuiiUiceut, oval, elongated or 

 oblong, gaping at one or both extremities, equivalve; very inequi- 

 lateral; urnbones placed backwards, the upper anterior border bring 

 longer than tho posterior ; hinge without teeth, but having in their 

 place a horizontal excavated apophysis or spoon-shaped process, 

 receiving the internal ligament, and sustained by a lamina which is 

 oblique and decurrent into the interior of the (hell; muscular 

 impressions distant, oval, united by n palli&l impression which is bnt 

 little marked, but having a deep and rounded excavation backwards. 

 (Hang.) 



There ore 20 living upeeiei known. They inhabit India, the 

 Philippines, New /calami, and Western America. There are 50 fo-sil 

 from the Devonian and Oolitic Itacks. Pcriploma, Cocldodctma, and 

 (,'rrcnmijn are sub-genera. 



A. iii'iroilmla has the shell ovate, membranaccoux, anterior side 

 attenuated and subrostrated. 



It is a native of the seas of Australia. Lamarck adds, the Indian 

 Ocean. 



