PYLORIDIA. 



PYLOUIDIA. 



108 



both living and toetil (tertiary*. The number of special of Ptammotaa 

 recorded is eight recent and one fossil 



The ironlee of PtammMt have been found in sands at depths 

 Tarring from near the surface to thirteen fathom*. 



There are 40 species of PnmmMa. They are found in Norway, 

 the British Island*, New Zealand, and the Pacific. P. yari is eaten in 

 UM Pacific. 



SdtUllina. Shell oral oblong, compressed, with sharp edge*, both 

 curved ; equivalve, subequilateral, much more wide and rounded at 

 UM cephalic extremity than at the other, which is more or less 

 attenuated and sub-cannated ; the umbones sub-median, not projecting 

 much ; hinge formed of one or two very small cardinal teeth ; ligament 

 thick, convex, and supported on very elevated nymphal callosities ; 

 two rounded, distant, muscular impressions ; pallial impression very 

 ainuous backwards. (Blainr.) 



M. De Blainville observes that thin genus, which he instituted 

 for four or five species of Lamarck's Solens, differs very little from 

 Ptammocola. 



8. radiala (Svltn mitratui, Lam.). Shell transversely oblong, viola- 

 ceous, with many obscure rays ; anterior side attenuated and rostrated. 

 It U found in Oriental seas. 



Salelcllina radiata. 



' SaxyuiHolaria. Animal very like that of Psaiiimobiajlurida, (Garner, 

 ZooL Trans.,' voL ii., pL 18, jigi. 1, 2.) Shell oval, a little elongated, 

 very much compressed, hardly gaping, equivalve, sub-equilateral, 

 equally rounded at both extremities, without any posterior carination; 

 umbones slightly indicated ; hinge formed of one or two approximated 

 cardinal teeth in each valve ; ligament projecting, convex ; two rounded 

 muscular impreasions, which are distant and united by a narrow 

 pallial impression, which U very sinuous backwards. (Blainv.) 



Both M. De Blainville and M. Rang state that the auiinal of San- 

 yttaularia a unknown. 



& Occident. Shell radiated and spotted with whitish and red. 

 Found in the Mediterranean. 



Animal of Stngwnolaria orcidfnt In the hcll. (Poll.) 



'I.TOM. Shell semiorbiculate, slightly convex, white, with rosy 

 umbonw; the sbite transverse and arcuate. It is found at Jamaica. 



- 



The SaMffttinolaria have been found in sands and sandy mud, at 

 depths varying from five to thirteen fathoms. 

 There arc SO 



30 fossil specie*. The former are found 

 in the West Indies, Red Sea, India, Madagascar, Japan, Australia, 

 Tasmania, and Peru. The latter are found in the tertiary beds. 

 Stttcnrttu. Animal much too lar^e for the shell ; lobes of the 



mantle thick forward, soldered together on their posterior moiety, and 

 prolonged on this side into two great unequal siphons united near 

 their summit ; foot liuguifonn, large, very tliiuk ; labial palps very 

 long and narrow ; branchue narrow and very long, extending throughout 

 the length of the branchial siphon. Shell oval-oblong, transverse, 

 covered with undulating oblique and longitudinal stria;, gaping at 

 both extremities. Hinge median, two cardinal teeth in one valve, one, 

 rarely two, on the other, nou-iutnuit; nymphe callous, thick, sup- 

 porting an external and convex ligament; pallial impression very 

 deeply sinuous. (Desh.) 



M. De Blaiuville separates his Solecttrtut into the following sec- 

 tions : 



A. Flat delicate species with an interior bar running obliquely 

 from the umbo to the abdominal edge. 



Ex. 5. radialut. 

 S. More cylindrical species, without an internal bar. 



Ex. S. itriyilattu. 

 C. Species still more elongated and sub-cylindrical. 



Ex. 5. Leyumen. 



M. Deshayes confines the genus to those species which have all the 

 same character with S. ttrigilatiu. 



S. ttriffilatut. Shell oval oblong, very convex, rosy, with two white 

 rays, sculptured with oblique strito. It is a native of the Mediter- 

 ranean and Atlantic ocean. 



-; - . 



Solccurlnt (Solen) itrifilatut. 



There are 25 recent and 30 fossil species. The former occur in the 

 United States, the British Islands, the Mediterranean, West Africa, 

 and Madeira. 



Solen. Animal very much elongated, more or less cylindrical or 

 compressed ; mantle closed throughout its length, adhering by its 

 borders, and bound to the lower edge of the shell by a double mem- 

 brane, which folds back upon itself to form the epidermis, presenting 

 backwards a single tube, double in the interior, conical, anuulated, 

 susceptible of much elongation, with two simple orifices, that of the 

 siphon being greater than that of the anus ; open entirely in front for 

 the passage of a stout foot, which is conical, convex in its middle, 

 pointed at its extremity, and which terminates the body of the animal 

 in a straight line ; branchio! long, narrow, pointed backwards, nearly 

 of equal size, adhering to two lines forward, one on each side of the 

 body, uniting at last at a certain distance backwards on a single line, 

 and then free and floating up to the entry of the siphon; labial 

 appendages not striated like the branchial, elongated, triangular, 

 recurved, and directing their point backwards ; mouth small, anus at 

 the extremity of a very small tube floating in the cavity above the 

 free part of the branchiae. Shell rather delicate generally, translucid, 

 equivalve, extremely inequilateral, elongated, gaping, truncated at 

 both extremities, and with nearly parallel edges ; umbones entirely 

 anterior, hardly distinct; hinge composed of one or two teeth; ligament 

 convex, slightly elongated ; muscular impressions very distant, the 

 anterior oblong, elongated, rather narrow, the posterior rather rounded ; 

 pallial impression straight, very long, terminated backwards by a 

 short bifurcation. (Hang.) 



Kor-FUh (Helen tagina). Shell and toft parts. 



The species of SoUn, which are popularly called Razor Fishes, live 

 in sandy beaches, wherein they often lie buried in a vertical position 

 2 feet deep, though their ordinary habit is to go only so low in the 

 sand or silt (for they are found also in (estuaries) as to leave the tube 

 ust projecting. They may be said to have regular burrows, which 

 eave a mark in the sand like a key-hole. When the animal is undis- 

 turbed and the tide is in, it lies with the tubes at the entrance of its 

 perpendicular hole ; if it be disturbed, down it goes : in short its life 

 f spent in descending to the depth of its burr*V and ascending from 



