n 



SARCIXULA. 



SARRACEN'IACE.f:. 



671 



and which he called & rmlriculi. Thii specie* hu been referred by 

 Uobin, in his ' Histoire Naturelle lies Yeg<Staux Parasite*,' to a genua 

 which he calls Mtritmoimtli-i. 



Although this plant i found most frequently in matters vomited 

 from the stomach of human being*, it is not at all confined to this 

 pot It has been found in the urine several times, although it may 

 be doubted u to whether it could hare lieen originated in this fluid 

 before it was excreted. A ease U recorded by Vircbow, in which it 

 was found in human lungs which were in a state of carcinomntous 

 disease. It has also been observed in the stomachs of the lower 



In the cases where this plant has been detected in vomited matter*, 

 they have always been in a state of fermentation, and the fluid in moat 

 instances present* an acid reaction. The arrina becomes paler by 

 the action of acids and alkalies, but they are not destroyed by these 

 re-agents. They become slightly brown on the addition of iodine. 



It does not appear that the presence of Sarcina is the cause of 

 disordered state* of the system, but they may rather be regarded as 

 the results of disease. .Varcina have been detected under circum- 

 stances which render it probable that they are not uncommon tenants 

 of the human stomach, and that they may exist in considerable 

 numbers without inconvenience. The treatment of diseases with which 

 they are found associated should therefore be rather directed to the 

 removal of the diseased condition than to the destruction of the 

 Sarcina. [EsTorarTA.] 



(Robin, J/iitoirc Xalurelle det V/yrtaujc Parasite! out croiutnt lur 

 tllotxme el tar Ui Animaux Virantt ; Beale, The Aficmcope, and ill 

 ApiJicalion to Chemical Medicine.) 



8ARCINULA. [MADREPnYLLKEA.] 



SAKCOKDEA, a group of Polypiaria, of which the type is the old 

 Linntcan genus Alcyonium. [ALCYOMU.ll] 



8AKCOUTK. [AXALCIME.] 



SARCO'PHILUS (K. Cuvier), a genus of Maitupiata, founded on 

 Daiyurta nninut, AucL, Didetphyi urtiiin, Harri*. 



F. Cuvier states that Farcophiliu approaches nearer to the Thytaeini 

 than to the IMuyuri, but that it is very different from either. These 

 differences are well pointed out in the last part of his ' Histoire 

 Naturelle des Mamrniicres,' where a very good figure of the animal ia 

 given, and of which the subjoined cuts are copies. [MAUSUHATA.] 



Ilcsd of Sartofhilvt uniaut. (F. Cuvier. \ 



9FI Cv. 



, 





MI. (F. Curler.) 



SARn>RAMPHUS. [COKDOB ; Vi m r.n, ..] 



SAUCOSTE'MMA (from of{. flwh. and arista, n crown, in refer- 

 noe to the leaflets of the inner corolla being fleshy), a genus of Plants 

 belonging to the natural order A*<-lr/,iatlac'ir. It lias a rotate corolln, 

 a Coronet of double stamens ; the outer one cup-flmped or annular 

 erenated, the inner one S-leaved, higher than the out<-r one, with fleshy 

 segments ; the stigma is nearly blunt ; the follicles slender and smooth, 

 and the seeds como.e. The specis of the, genus are natives of 

 Australia and th East Indies, as well as of South America, 



ft. glauctin, Ulacous- Leaved Sarcotetnma. is a lactescent smooth 

 twining herbaceous plant. The leaves are lanceolate, short-stalked, 

 slightly rerolute, membranous, Ix-ins; with the midiib prominent on 

 the under side, which is glaucous; the umbels are many-flowered 

 between the petioles, on very long peduncle,* ; the segments of the 

 calyx lanceolate, ciliated, and acuminate,; the corolla white, with n 

 large fleshy annular wavy coronet; the segments of the corolla fringed 

 an] spreading. 



& Brovnii is a twining glabrous plant, with lanceolate acuminated 

 glabrous leaven, and interpetiolar umbels ; the pedicels, calyxes, and 

 corolla downy ; the segments of the corolla ovate, bluutiah, concave, 

 and glabrous inside ; the outer corona an entire narrow ring ; the 

 leaflets of the inner corona ovate, bluulixh, and glabrous a little higher 

 than the gynoHegiurn ; the lower leaves are Urge and ovate oblonp, 

 the upper ouea becoming gradually narrower with revolute edges, 

 painted with white on the nerves, and greenish-blue on the veins ; the 

 calyx is small ; the pollen-masses oblong, a little curved, hairy, hanging 

 by short pedicels rising from blackish glands. These plants thrive 

 best in a mixture of peat, sand, and vegetable mould ; cuttings of them 

 root readily in sand, if placed in heat without any hand-gas* over 

 them. They should have little or no water when in a dormant state, 

 particularly the tuberous-rooted kind. 



(Don, Dichlamydeout Plantt ; Liudley, Flora Medico.) 



SA'RDONYX. [AOATE; QDAUTZ.] 



SARGASSUM. [FucACKJ!.] 



SAROU8. [SrABiD.B.] 



SARIOUE. [MAB8UPIATA.] 



SAKOTHAMNUS, a genus of Plants belonging to the natural order 

 LeguminoHr. It has a 2-lippcd calyx, the upper lip with 2, the 1 '-.\ . r 

 with 3 teeth ; the style is long, curved, thickened upwards, and 

 channelled within; the stigma terminal, capitate, and email; the 

 pod is flat. 



N. tcopariua, the Common Broom. The only British species is a 

 well-known plant, with a stem 2 or 3 feet high, angular, and glabrous. 

 The leaves are teruato or simple; the leaflets obovate. The flowers 

 are axillary, solitary, or in pairs, shortly stalked, large, ami of a bright 

 yellow. The pods are dark brown, hairy at the edges, and have 

 numerous seeds. It is found on dry hills and heaths. 



(Babington, if annul of Brititk Botany.) 



SARltACKNIA'CEvE, NarraceniWs, the Water-Pitcher order, a 

 natural order of Plants, placed by Lindley in tho Albuminous group 

 of Polyprtalous Exogeue. It consists of herbaceous perennial plants 

 inhabiting bogs, with fibrous roots and radical leaves, with a hollow 

 urn-shaped or pitcher-shaped petiole, at the point of which is articu- 

 lated the lamina, or blade of the leaf, which covers the petiole like a 

 liil. The flowers arc solitary or on scapes, and the petals and sepals 

 arc herbaceous; the calyx U composed of 5 persistent sepals, often 

 having a 3-leaved involucre without, imbricate in aestivation ; corolla 

 of 5 petals, uuguiculute and concave ; the btamens are hypogynous 

 and indefinite, filaments short ; anther: 2-ccllcil, bursting longitudi- 

 nally ; ovary superior, 5-celld, with a central many-seeded placenta ; 

 style single ; stigma much dilated, peltate, with 5 angles. Fruit a 

 globose capsule, with 5 lobes, 5 cells, and 5 valves. Seeds very 

 numerous; albumen abundant. The affinities of this order are not 

 very obvious. It is usually placed near Po;>oraw, on account of its 

 dilated stigma, indefinite stamens, and embryo in the midst of a 

 copious albumen. Lindley considers it to bo related to Dumaa 

 [DioNXA], wherever that genus may be ultimately placed. In the 

 remarkable structure of the leaves this order agrees with Ne 

 and Cephalolacea. 



SarittffHta piirpurta. 



a, entire plant with leave* and florr ; 1, the dilated stigmi ; fc, ovarj- with 

 columnar itrlc ; c, transverse section cf Iruit, 'bowing seed* attached to parie- 

 tal pbcrntir ; rf, seed ; e, section of seed, showing the minute cmbrro and 

 abundant albumen. 



There are Imt 2 genera belonging to this order, of which there are 

 about 6 "picieK, all of them inhabitants of the bogs and swamps of 



