TJ1 



SCYLLAROS. 



SECRETION. 



m 



ancle of the csrapac*. re very far distant from it. The abdomen is 

 Toy abort, and i* suddenly narrowed from before backward*. 



/. Penmii. 



'..:. .... 



Carapace of /bwtu, tern from above. 

 Length about fire inches. It inhabits the seas of 



Ibanu Pemui. 

 SCYLLARUS. [SCTLLARIDJt] 



SCYLLI'ODUS, a genua of Foasil Fishes. [Fisit.] 



8CYLLIUM. [SQUALID*.] 



SCYMNOS. f&jCJiLiDA] 



Si 'Y PHI A. a Fossil genua of Spongiadtt. 



V'TALE. [BoiD*.] 

 SCYTHIAN LAMB. [BAROMETZ.] 



8CYTHROPS (Latham), an Australian genua of liirds aUied to the 

 Toucan*. 

 SEA-ADDER, a name given to the Fifteen-Spioed Stickleback. 



[QiHTEROSTIUa.1 



SEA-APE. fafUUDMJ 

 SEA-BEAR. [BEAR.] 

 8EA-BKKAM. (PAOBLius.1 

 SEA-BUCKTHORN. [HiPPOrnAB.] 

 SEA-CALF. [PHOOIDJL] 

 SEA-COW. [PBOCIDJL] 

 SEA-CRAWFISH. [PAUXCRUS.] 

 SKA-DACE. [LABRAX.] 

 SKA -DEVIL. [Lormca.] 

 SK.\.Di:<:KS. [DUCKS.] 

 SEA-EAR. [HAI.IOTIDX.] 

 SKA-EOOS. [lonnM.1 

 SEA-ELEPHANT. [PiiociD.E.1 



KAN'. (PoLTrtrBRA.) 

 SEA-FOX. {SQUALID*.] 

 SEA-FROTH. (MirRxnuuii.] 



A-HOLLY. IERTSOIUM.] 

 HEA-HORSE. [Mim>roTAMU.] 

 SEA-KALE. [CRAMBB.1 

 SEA-LAVKNDER. [STATIC!.] 

 SKA-LKOPARI). [PiiociDJL] 



V LION. [Pmxm*.] 

 SEA-MOUSE. [AMBIJDA.] 

 SEA-NKKDI.K, a name for the Oar-Fish. [Esox.] 

 SEA NETTLE. [AcnsiA.] 

 SKA-NKTH.KS. [AcALBMUL] 

 SEA-OWU ICTciorTBRC*.] 

 SEA-1'KA. [LATHTBOT.] 

 SEA-PEN. (I'oLmrBRA.) 

 SEA-PIE. [CRAHADRIAD*,] 

 SEA-PIKE. IBEUWB.J 

 SEA IM.V Ili;ii. [Asriiximoncs.] 

 SEA-RADISH. [rUrHAKDa.1 

 HEA-REED. [PsAMMA.] 

 SKA-ROCKET. [CABILB.] 



SEA-SCORPION. [Com:*.] 



SEA-SNAIL. IDiscouou.) 



SEA-SNIPE. [CENTRisci'a.1 



SEA-STARS. [A8TKKIAII.K ; EC-IIINODSRMATA ] 



SEA-SWALLOWS. [STEBMD.E.J 



SKA-URCHINS. [Kcm.NlD.E.1 



SEA-WEEDS. [Aui-e.] 



SEA-WIFE. fLABRiD.t] 



SEA-WOLF. [AjfABRUicAS.1 



SEAFO'RTHI A, a genus of Plants belonging to the natural order 

 Palmaeeie, indigenous to the eastern coast of tropical Australia, and 

 found also in the nearest Asiatic islands, named by Mr. Brown in 

 honour of Francis, lord Seaforth, a patron of botany. The species are 

 elegant in appearance, with pinnate fronds, the flowers polygamo* 

 moncocious, sessile on a branched apadix, with several incomplete 

 spathes, the male flower* above, and with two supporting each female 

 Bower. The calyx and corolla are trifid. The male flowers with 

 numerous stamens, and the rudiment of n pistil ; the female flowers 

 without any rudiments of stamens; ovary 1 -celled. Style very abort ; 

 stigmas 8, spreading ; berry fibrous, small, oval, 1 -seeded ; albumen 

 ruminated ; embryo basilary. The genus U described by Labillardicre 

 under the name of Ptychosperma. 



SEALS. (PHOCID*.] 



SEBASTES. noonBUL] 



SEBESTEN. [COBDIA.] 



SKBESTENS, Lindley's name for the order Cordiacecc. [CORDIACB.E.] 



SECALE, a genus of Grasses, to which the cultivated Rye belongs. 

 The flowers are arranged on a spike ; the spikeleta are 2-flowered, with 

 a long stalked rudiment of a third floret; the glumes are subulate. 

 In other respects this genus strongly resembles Triticum, to which the 

 Common Wheat and Couch-Orass belong. [TRITICUM.] 



S. cereale, Rye, has the glumes 1 -nerved and shorter than the 

 spikelet; the rachis is very tough. This plant is extensively cultivated 

 in Europe, and nowhere has been observed in a truly wild state, away 

 from the possibility of escape from cultivation, being sown by the 

 agency of man. [RYE, in ARTS AND Sc. Div.] 



S. monftroum has the rachis hairy, brittle; glumes with a short 

 point; the root fibrous. It U found on the gravelly mountain* of 

 Sicily. 



& viUomm is also a European species, in which the spiculea are 

 4-flowered, and the glumes have 2 or 3 strong ribs. It is found in 

 France. 



(Wood, ZVwrifte' flora.) 



tiKCAMO'XK, a genus of Plants belonging to the natural order 

 Atdepiadaeta, found in the warm parts of India, Africa, Australia, and 

 in the West Indies. The name is probably derived from the Arabia 

 Sukmoonya, as this is the proper name in Prosper Alpiuus of the 

 Secamonc Alpinii, or Periploca Secamone of Linuams. The genus 

 Recamont is characterised by having a quinquifid calyx and corolla, the 

 latter being rotate ; stamineous crown 5-leaved, with the leaflets com- 

 pressed laterally; pollen masses 20, erect ; stigma coarctato at top; 

 follicles smooth; seeds numerous, hairy at the umbilicus. The species 

 form erect or climbing smooth shrubs with opposite leaves; the 

 flowers are small, and the inflorescence in cymes, which are dichoto- 

 mous, arising from between the petioles. 



Some of the species of Stcamone secrete a considerable quantity of 

 an acrid principle, which makes them useful a* medicines. Thus the 

 roots of S. emelica, being emetic in action, are employed as a substi- 

 tute for Ipecacuanha ; whilst the substance called Smyrna Scammony 

 is said to be obtained from the Egyptian species, S. Alptni of Roomer 

 ultes, the S. jSyypliaea of Brown. 



SECRETARY-BIRD. [QYPooERAmis.] 



SECRETING GLANDS. [GLAHD; SKCBETIO.N.] 



SECRETION, hi the Animal Kingdom, is that process by which 

 substances are separated from the blood, either for some ulterior 

 purpose in the body, or to be thrown off as useless and effete matter. 

 The term ' secretions' is often applied to those substances alone whicli 

 are separated from the body for the purpose of being thrown off, but 

 everything that is formed or separated from the blood by the action 

 of the cells should be regarded as a secretion. The term ' excretion ' 

 is applied to those secretious which are thrown off from the body, as 

 the urine, perspiration, &c. 



The process of secretion in animals is less complicated generally 

 than the same process iu plants ; for whilst in the plant all the 

 materials for its nutrition must undergo a process of cbange, this is 

 only the case with a certain number of the secretions of animals. In 

 the great proportion of cases of nutrition effected by secretions in the 

 animal, it consists iu merely separating the materials of growth from 

 the blood, where they already exist U lit more especially in the case 

 of materials that are to be got rid of from the animal system that the 

 greatest amount of chemical cbange is observed, as in bile, milk, 

 saliva, &c. But even in some of these oases, as in the uric acid, nml 

 urea of the urine, and carbonic acid from the lungx, the substances 

 got rid off seem previously formed in the blood. 



Iu all cases the secretions of the animal body arc found to take 

 place in organs presenting three elementary conditions: 1, c <11<; 

 2, a Basement Membrane; 3, Bloodvessels. Of these the only elm-, i.t. 

 universally necessary is the coll. As we find that, amongst the lowest 



