Til 



SEPIAD.S. 



sm.vn.K 



7*1 



which this animal evidently posseiMi the power of defending tb ey, 

 M tit* pnlmonaU-d IVrfrAra/a do bj mean* of their more regularly 

 formed eyvlida, Profosor Owen observe* that the utility of the pro- 

 vision, in MM abounding with fragment* of ire, it obvious. Six 

 plain of thii genus have been deicribed. [ItossiA.] 



Kauia palpttraia, dorul aipect, showing the appearance of the ejcs while 

 the animal wu allte. 



a 



Ilrad and ann of jbufe falfrtntit, on the ilonml upect, l.ken from the 

 (fan where It l> lid open to >hnw the Internal Uriu ture. Here the eyelids 

 (I, 1) in nprsteated elated after death; o, the einht trim ; a', one of the 

 knekUl raekm, magnified ; 6, the two tentacle*; V, tentacular cracker, matt- 

 lifted; t, orfMM In the orarjr, appended to filamentary pedicle*; d, egg*. 

 (Owen, < ROM'. Appeadli.') 



Srpioteutkil (De Blainville). Animal elongated, bordered nearly 

 throughout ita length by a natatory membrane, which if narrow and 

 lateral ; arm" sessile and pcdtinrnlatod, as in the Calamaries, and lca 

 enlarged then In the Cuttlca ; aceUbula ai in the Calamariea, 



Internal rapport or gladius comparatively wide, but horny and 

 delicate. 



& Kfiacea. This species is figured in the article CEPHALOPODA 

 tinder the nanie of Sepia vjjicinalii, to which however it bean a very 

 oloae external rwtemblance, ao oloae indeed that authors generally place 

 it immediately before that specie*. Thirteen species of the 

 SrpioteHlkit have been described. They are inhabitants of th< 

 Indies, the Cape, the Ked Sea, Java, and Australia, 



Cranchia (Leach). Animal furniabed with a bursiform sac, which 

 ia elongated and rounded poeteriurly ; aperture narrow ; dorenl border 

 not distinct ; head leas distinct from the body ; arms sessile, unequal ; 

 tentacles pedunculated, longer, retractile, terminated in a club shape ; 

 peduncles without acetabula ( I ) : caudal fins circular, touching each 

 other at their origin. 



C. tcabra. Sao rough, with hard rough tubercles. (Appendix to 

 Tin-key's ' Congo.') 



O, a'tcliia 



One other species has been described. They are both natives of the 

 west const of Africa, 



f/oliyopiit (Lain.). Body long and cylindrical, terminated by a pair 

 of conjoined large round fins, forming generally a circular disc ; an- 

 terior border of the mantle adherent to the back part of the head for 

 A small extent. Tentacula very long and slender (frequently muti- 

 lated). Claudius long, narrowest in the middle, dilated posteriorly. 

 There are eight species of this genus found in the North Sea, Atlantic, 

 Mediterranean, India, Japan, and the South Seas. 



Onyehotruttiii (Lichteustein). Body and fins as in the genus Loligo ; 

 ventro-lateral cartilages of the mantle long and narrow ; horny hoops 

 of the tentacular, and sometimes of the brachial, acetabula prodm-r<l 

 into the forms of hooks or claws. Gladiua or internal support long. 

 broadest in the middle. 



I'ndnatcd suckers of Onyctmleuthii, from specimen in spirits in Mu. Toll. 

 CUir. (by permission). 



0, Bankrii. Professor Owen, after dwelling on Dr. Koget's aci-unitn 

 description of the mechanism by which the suckers of Octojiut ivre 

 worked, observes that still there are circumstances in which even tliw 

 remarkable apparatus would be insufficient to enable the cephalopod 

 to fulfil all the offices in the economy of nature for which it was 

 created ; and that in those species which have to contend with the 

 ngile, slippery, and mucus-clad fishes, more powerful organs of pre- 

 hension aro supcradded to the suckers. Thus in the Calamary thn 

 base of the piston is, be remarks, inclosed by a horny hoop, the outor 

 and anterior margin of which is developed into a series of sharp- 

 pointed curved teeth. These, as he states, can bo firmly pressed into 

 the flash of a struggling prey by the contraction of the surrounding 

 transverse fibre*, and can bo withdrawn by the action of the retractor 

 fibre* of the piston. " Let the reader," adds the Professor, " picture 

 to himself the projecting margin of the horny hoop developed into 

 a long, curved, sharp-pointed claw, and these weapons clustered at tho 

 expanded terminations of the tentacles, and arranged in a double 

 alternate series along the whole internal surface of the eight muscular 

 feet, and ho will have some idea of the formidable nature of the car- 

 nivorous Onychottuthit. 



" Banks and Solander," says Professor Owen in continuation, " in 

 Cook's first voyage, found the dead carcass of a gigantic species of 

 this kind floating ill the sea, between Cape Horn and the Polym-.-i.-m 

 Islands, in 30* 44' S. lat, 110 83' W. long. It was surrounded by 

 aquatic birds, which were feeding on it* mnnins. From the parts of 

 this specimen which are still preserved in tlie Huntcrian Collection, 

 and which have always strongly excited the attention of naturalist*, 

 it must have measured at least six feet from the end of the tail to the 

 end of the tentacles. The natives of the Polynesian Inlands, who dive 

 for shell-fish, have a well-founded dread and abhorrence of theso 



